基于中药超分子化学探究大黄-黄连配伍不同煎煮方式的物质基础差异  

Comparison on material basis between single and co-decoctions of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Coptidis Rhizoma by supramolecular chemistry

作　　者：林晓钰 魏吉昌 赵一航 徐冉 谭心如 黄雪梅 王鹏龙[1] LIN Xiao-yu;WEI Ji-chang;ZHAO Yi-hang;XU Ran;TAN Xin-ru;HUANG Xue-mei;WANG Peng-long(School of Chinese Materia Medica,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中药学院,北京102488

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2024年第18期4948-4956,共9页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82073974);中央高校基金科研业务项目(2023-JYB-JBZD-049,2022-XJ-KYQD-008,2024-JYB-XJSJJ004);2023年度北京中医药大学研究生自主科研课题(ZJKT2023050);国家级高层次青年人才支持计划项目。

摘　　要：该研究基于中药超分子化学探究不同煎煮方式(共煎与单煎)的物质基础差异,揭示大黄-黄连配伍共煎煮缓和“苦寒败胃”之弊的化学本质。通过紫外光谱、红外光谱与圆二色谱表征共煎液与单煎液的光谱学差异;选择小檗碱等5个特征性生物碱作为检测指标,采用高效液相色谱法测定共煎液与单煎液的样品溶解情况与药效成分提取溶出差异。大黄-黄连共煎液与单煎液的化学成分种类与总量基本保持一致,但共煎液的药效成分之间存在相互作用,可聚集形成超分子部位。超分子部位在水溶液中溶解释放缓慢,是共煎液成分含量较单煎液显著下降的主要原因;同时,饮片煎煮过程中药渣对药效成分的吸附也是引起不同煎煮方式(共煎与单煎)物质基础差异的因素之一。该研究从成分动态变化的角度,阐述大黄-黄连配伍共煎与单煎的物质基础差异,为进一步阐明二者配伍和合苦寒之性的科学内涵提供进一步的依据。This study employed supramolecular chemistry of traditional Chinese medicine to compare the material basis between different decocting methods(co-decocting and single decocting)and explained the chemical basis of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma-Coptidis Rhizoma in alleviating the disadvantage of bitter and cold medicines damaging the stomach.The spectroscopic differences between the co-decoction and single decoctions were characterized by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum,infrared spectrum,and circular dichroism spectrum.Five characteristic alkaloids,such as berberine,were selected as the indicators to compare the sample solubility and dissolution of medicinal components between the co-decoction and single decoctions by high performance liquid chromatography.The chemical components and their total content were similar between the co-decoction and single decoctions of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Coptidis Rhizoma.The medicinal components in the co-decoction interacted with each other to form supramolecular parts.The dissolution and release of supramolecular parts in the aqueous solution was slow,which explained the lower component content in the co-decoction than that in single decoctions.In addition,the adsorption of medicinal components by the residue of decoction pieces during decocting was also a factor causing the difference of material basis between different decocting methods.This study compared the material basis between the co-decoction and single decoctions of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Coptidis Rhizoma from the dynamic changes of components,which provided a basis further explaining the scientific connotation of the compatibility of the two medicines in reducing the bitter and cold medicinal natures.

关 键 词：大黄 黄连 配伍 超分子 物质基础 

分 类 号：R283[医药卫生—中药学]