基于药用植物亲缘学的蒿属蒙古族药材药味、药性及传统功效探究  

Investigation on tastes,properties,and traditional efficacy of Mongolian medicines of genus Artemisia based on pharmacophylogeny

作　　者：黄聪颖 刘昊临 畅佳音 孟祥玺 冯潇纬 庄亚风 陈星雨 李旻辉 HUANG Cong-ying;LIU Hao-lin;CHANG Jia-yin;MENG Xiang-xi;FENG Xiao-wei;ZHUANG Ya-feng;CHEN Xing-yu;LI Min-hui(Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Hohhot 010020,China;Baotou Medical College,Baotou 014040,China;Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010110,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区中医医院,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [2]包头医学院,内蒙古包头014040 [3]内蒙古医科大学,内蒙古呼和浩特010110

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2024年第18期5081-5094,共14页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(82260836)。

摘　　要：蒿属Artemisia植物是菊科药用植物中最为丰富的类群之一。基于药用植物亲缘学的理论基础,该研究采用系统发育分析、关联分析等方法对蒿属蒙古族药材的植物亲缘关系、药性、药味、化学成分、传统功效进行了系统梳理,深入讨论了其中的关联及规律。结果表明,蒿属蒙古族药材依据系统发育分析结果可分为2个主要类群。第一个类群为艾组Sect.Artemisia,该组药味以苦味为基础,且多具有辛味,温性药物占比85.71%;第二个类群为非艾组,包括莳萝蒿组Sect.Absinthium、艾蒿组Sect.Abrotanum、龙蒿组Sect.Dracunculus和牡蒿组Sect.Latilobus的药用植物,药味以苦味为主,且偏寒性药物占比80%。化学成分与药味分析显示:蒿属药用植物含有丰富的挥发油类、黄酮类、萜类、苯丙素类等成分。其中,挥发油类成分是蒿属药用植物独特气味的重要来源。药性与传统功效分析显示:在设定分析参数下运算,可得到8条蒿属蒙古族药材药性与传统功效的关联规则。其中,寒性蒿属蒙古族药材与感冒发烧、凉性蒿属蒙古族药材与呼吸系统疾病、温性蒿属蒙古族药材与妇科疾病的关联规则在各自药性组内提升度分值最高。研究为建立药用植物亲缘学与药材的药味、药性及传统功效之间的新联系提供了重要的学术参考。The genus Artemisia is one of the most abundant groups of medicinal plants in the Asteraceae family.Based on the theoretical basis of the pharmacophylogeny,the phylogenetic analysis,association analysis and other methods were used to systematically sort out the genetic relationships,properties,tastes,chemical constituents,and traditional efficacy of Mongolian medicines of genus Artemisia(MMA).The correlation and regularity were discussed.The results showed that MMA could be divided into two main groups according to phylogenetic analysis.The first group was Sect.Artemisia,which was based on bitter taste,and most of them were pungent.The proportion of warm drugs was 85.71%.The second group was the non-Artemisia group,including the medicinal plants of Sect.Absinthium,Sect.Abrotanum,Sect.Dracunculus,and Sect.Latilobus.In this group,the taste was mainly bitter,and the cold drugs accounted for 80%.The analysis of chemical constituents and medicinal tastes showed that MMA were rich in volatile oils,flavonoids,terpenoids,phenylpropanoids,and other components.Among them,the volatile oils were important sources of the unique smell of MMA.The analysis of medicinal properties and traditional efficacy showed that under the set analysis parameters,a total of 8 association rules were obtained.The association rule between cold MMA with cold and fever,the association rule between cool MMA with respiratory diseases,and the association rule between warm MMA with gynecological diseases had the highest lift value in their respective medicinal property groups.This study provides an important academic reference for establishing a new relationship between pharmacophylogeny with the tastes,properties,and traditional efficacy of medicinal materials.

关 键 词：蒿属蒙古族药材 药用植物亲缘学 药性 药味 传统功效 数据分析 艾 茵陈蒿 黄花蒿 

分 类 号：R29[医药卫生—民族医学]