茭白鞘叶不同处理对茭白产量和品质的影响  

Effect of different treatments of Zizania latifolia sheath leaves on the yield and quality of Zizania latifolia

作　　者：杨鸯鸯 胡伋 李能辉 李忠伟 范斗文 翁丽青 YANG Yangyang;HU Ji;LI Nenghui;LI Zhongwei;FAN Douwen;WENG Liqing(Yuyao Agricultural Technology Extension Service Station,Yuyao 315400,Zhejiang)

机构地区：[1]余姚市农业技术推广服务总站,浙江余姚315400

出　　处：《浙江农业科学》2024年第10期2298-2303,共6页Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：2023年宁波市乡村振兴团队科技特派员项目“茭白病虫害绿色防控技术示范应用与推广”(2023S214)。

摘　　要：为了明确茭白鞘叶堆肥的施用方法和实际应用效果,于2021—2023年开展了直接还田、堆肥应用等茭白鞘叶资源化利用模式的研究与示范。从试验结果可看出,茭白鞘叶还田对提高茭白产量具有明显的效果,其中茭白鲜鞘叶直接还田,能使茭白平均增产9.09%,而茭白鞘叶堆肥后还田,能使茭白平均增产13.41%~18.94%,且高量还田效果优于低量还田;茭白鞘叶还田能加快茭白分蘖进程,提高茭白高峰苗及有效苗的数量,同时植株长势增强,采收期壳茭重及净茭重增加,从一定程度上提高了茭白的产量,其中茭白鞘叶堆肥后双倍还田(处理4)的植株长势、壳茭重和净茭重都最高。茭白鞘叶还田又能使土壤有机质含量有一定程度的提高,但增加幅度不明显,土壤碱解氮、速效钾等含量明显上升,土壤pH值提高,对缓解土壤酸化有一定的效果,且堆肥后还田的效果好于鲜鞘叶直接还田。In order to clarify the application methods and actual application effects of Zizania latifolia sheath leaf compost,research and demonstration on the resource utilization modes of Zizania latifolia sheath leaf,such as direct returning to the field and composting application,were carried out from 2021 to 2023.From the experimental results,it can be seen that returning the sheath leaves of Zizania latifolia to the field has a significant effect on improving the yield of Zizania latifolia.Directly returning the fresh sheath leaves of Zizania latifolia to the field can increase the average yield of Zizania latifolia by 9.09%,while returning the composted sheath leaves of Zizania latifolia to the field can increase the average yield of Zizania latifolia by 13.41%-18.94%,and the effect of high amount returning is better than that of low amount returning;Returning the composted sheath leaves of Zizania latifolia to the field can accelerate the tillering process of Zizania latifolia,increase the number of peak and effective seedlings,and enhance plant growth.During the harvest period,the shell weight and net weight of Zizania latifolia increased,which to some extent increased the yield of Zizania latifolia.After composting the sheath leaves of Zizania latifolia,double returning to the field(treatment 4)resulted in the highest plant growth,shell weight,and net weight of Zizania latifolia.Returning the composted sheath leaves of Zizania latifolia to the field can also increase soil organic content to a certain extent,but the increase is not significant.The content of alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen,available potassium,and other nutrients in the soil significantly increased,and the soil pH value increased,which had a certain effect on alleviating soil acidification.Moreover,the effect of returning the composted sheath leaves of Zizania latifolia to the field is better than that of directly returning the fresh sheath leaves of Zizania latifolia to the field.

关 键 词：茭白鞘叶 产量 品质 影响 

分 类 号：S645.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]