不同氮源及碳氮比对芡实壳好氧堆肥的影响  

Effect of different nitrogen sources and carbon nitrogen ratios on aerobic composting of Euryale shell

作　　者：张苗 谢昶琰 李青 董青君 章安康[1] 陈川[1] ZHANG Miao;XIE Changyan;LI Qing;DONG Qingjun;ZHANG Ankang;CHEN Chuan(Huaiyin Agricultural Science Research Institute in Xuhuai District,Jiangsu Province,Huaian 223001,Jiangsu)

机构地区：[1]江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所,江苏淮安223001

出　　处：《浙江农业科学》2024年第10期2304-2310,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：淮安市农业科学研究院科研发展基金(HNY202127)。

摘　　要：为了探究不同氮源以及碳氮比对芡实壳好氧堆肥的影响,为芡实壳的资源化利用提供新的途径,试验以粉碎后的芡实壳为堆肥原料,以有机氮源菜粕、无机氮源尿素为堆肥中的添加氮源,并分别设置堆肥初始碳氮比(C/N)为25和30,进行小型室内堆肥试验,研究堆肥过程中的温度、pH值、电导率(EC)、碳氮养分等指标动态变化以及堆肥后腐殖化率、发芽指数差异。结果表明,以菜粕为氮源的堆肥处理比尿素更容易达到较高的发酵温度,且仅C/N为25的T1处理温度可以达到50℃以上。堆肥结束后,以菜粕为氮源、C/N为25的堆肥处理的EC值、铵态氮、总氮以及可提取腐殖酸含量均高于其他处理,且腐殖化率达到14.23%,显著高于其他3个处理。综合考虑,该试验条件下以有机氮源菜粕为氮源且初始发酵C/N为25的条件下能够得到相对较好的好氧发酵效果,可以初步为芡实壳废弃物的无害化处理提供一定的理论和技术指导。In order to explore the effects of different nitrogen sources and carbon nitrogen ratios on aerobic composting of Euryale shells,and provide a new approach for the resource utilization of Euryale shells,the experiment used crushed Euryale shells as composting material,organic nitrogen source rapeseed meal and inorganic nitrogen source urea as added nitrogen sources in the compost,and set the initial carbon nitrogen ratio(C/N)of compost to 25 and 30,respectively.A small-scale indoor composting experiment was conducted to study the dynamic changes of temperature,pH value,electric conductivity(EC),carbon and nitrogen nutrients,as well as the differences in humification rate and germination index after composting.The results showed that composting treatment using rapeseed meal as a nitrogen source was easier to reach higher fermentation temperatures than urea,and only T1 treatment with a C/N of 25 could reach temperatures above 50℃.After composting,the EC value,ammonium nitrogen,total nitrogen,and extractable humic acid content of the compost treatment with rapeseed meal as the nitrogen source and C/N of 25 were higher than those of the other treatments,and the humification rate reached 14.23%,significantly higher than the other three treatments.Taking all factors into consideration,under the conditions of this experiment,using organic nitrogen source rapeseed meal as the nitrogen source and with an initial fermentation C/N of 25,a relatively good aerobic fermentation effect can be achieved,which can provide some theoretical and technical guidance for the harmless treatment of Euryale shells waste.

关 键 词：芡实壳 好氧堆肥 氮源 碳氮比 

分 类 号：S567.21[农业科学—中草药栽培]