植物生长调节剂对烟草萌芽和烟苗抗性的影响  

Effects of plant growth regulators on seed germination and stress resistance of tobacco seedlings

作　　者：牛萌康 苗圃[2] 王颢杰 李文扬 蒋士君[1] 周扬 李建华[3] 崔江宽 NIU Mengkang;MIAO Pu;WANG Haojie;LI Wenyang;JIANG Shijun;ZHOU Yang;LI Jianhua;CUI Jiangkuan(College of Plant Protection,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan;Luoyang Municipal Tobacco Company,Luoyang 471000,Henan;Xuchang Municipal Tobacco Company,Xuchang 461003,Henan)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学植物保护学院,河南郑州450046 [2]河南省烟草公司洛阳市公司,河南洛阳471000 [3]河南省烟草公司许昌市公司,河南许昌461003

出　　处：《浙江农业科学》2024年第10期2398-2405,共8页Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司河南省烟草公司重点科研项目(2023410000240023);河南省烟草公司许昌市公司科研项目(2020411000240074);河南省烟草公司洛阳市公司重点项目(2022410300270069)。

摘　　要：为探究植物生长调节剂对烟草种子萌芽和烟苗生长的影响,采用双因素分析法,测定了10种植物生长调节剂对烟草种子萌芽及烟苗生长的促进效果及最佳使用浓度。催芽试验表明:1.6 mg·L^(-1)赤霉素(GA_(3))和750倍稀释复合腐殖酸处理催芽效果最佳,烟草种子发芽率均达100.00%,与对照组相比增加30.00百分点。漂浮育苗试验结果表明:0.4 mg·L^(-1)吲哚乙酸(IAA)、1.6 mg·L^(-1)β-萘氧乙酸和750倍稀释复合腐殖酸处理对漂浮育苗烟草生长均有良好促进效果。盆栽试验结果表明:1.6 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)和0.4 mg·L^(-1)IAA处理盆栽烟草的鲜重、株高、主根长和最大叶面积均有不同程度的提高,移栽60 d时,1.6 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)处理盆栽烟草的鲜重、株高、主根长、最大叶面积和叶绿素含量与对照相比分别提高了34.06%、44.71%、29.25%、54.03%和16.85%。同时,经植物生长调节剂处理后漂浮育苗烟草和盆栽烟草的根系过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性降低,丙二醛(MDA)含量下降,烟苗抗病抗逆性提升。综上,1.6 mg·L^(-1)GA_(3)、0.4 mg·L^(-1)IAA和750倍稀释复合腐殖酸可有效促进烟草种子萌芽和烟苗生长。In order to explore the effects of plant growth regulators on tobacco seed germination and seedling growth,the effects of 10 plant growth regulators on the germination of tobacco seeds and the growth of tobacco seedlings and their optimal concentrations were determined by two-factor analysis.The germination test showed that the germination rate of tobacco seeds treated with 1.6 mg·L^(-1) gibberellin(GA_(3))and 750 times diluted compound humic acid were the best,and the germination rate of tobacco seeds were 100.00%,which were 30.00 percentage points higher than that of the control.The results of floating seedling test showed that 0.4 mg·L^(-1) indoleacetic acid(IAA),1.6 mg·L^(-1)β-naphthoxyacetic acid and 750 times diluted compound humic acid had good promoting effects on the growth of floating tobacco seedling.The results of pot experiment showed that the fresh weight,plant height,main root length and maximum leaf area of potted tobacco treated with 1.6 mg·L^(-1) GA_(3) and 0.4 mg·L^(-1) IAA increased to varying degrees.When transplanted for 60 days,the fresh weight,plant height,main root length,maximum leaf area and chlorophyll content of potted tobacco treated with 1.6 mg·L^(-1) GA_(3) increased by 34.06%,44.71%,29.25%,54.03%and 16.85%,respectively,compared with the control.At the same time,after the treatment of plant growth regulators,the catalase(CAT)activity and malondialdehyde(MDA)content in the roots of floating tobacco seedling and potted tobacco decreased,and stress resistance of tobacco seedlings were improved.In summary,1.6 mg·L^(-1) GA_(3),0.4 mg·L^(-1) IAA and 750 times diluted compound humic acid can effectively promote tobacco seed germination and seedling growth.

关 键 词：植物生长调节剂 烟草 种子萌芽 抗性 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]