家蚕品种资源数量性状的因子分析和品种聚类  

Factor and cluster analysis of quantitative characters in Bombyx mori germplasm resources

作　　者：王安皆[1] 华丽峰[1] 周丽霞[1] 张凤林[1] 王照红[1] WANG Anjie;HUA Lifeng;ZHOU Lixia;ZHANG Fenglin;WANG Zhaohong(Sericultural Research Institute of Shandong,Yantai 264002,Shandong)

机构地区：[1]山东省蚕业研究所,山东烟台264002

出　　处：《浙江农业科学》2024年第10期2470-2476,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-18)。

摘　　要：通过采用因子分析和品种聚类的方法,对家蚕品种资源进行综合评价,有助于提高品种资源鉴定的效率,并有利于合理有效地选择育种亲本,为育种工作提供重要参考。以60个家蚕品种资源为供试材料,对其主要数量性状进行因子分析,并根据其欧氏距离进行聚类分析。供试家蚕品种数量性状前5个因子累计贡献率达92.754 5%,其中茧丝产量构成因子为第1公因子,最大贡献率达45.954 8%;生命力构成因子为第2公因子,贡献率18.703 3%;第3公因子为解舒因子,贡献率12.561 2%;第4、5公因子为孵化率因子贡献率9.795 6%、茧丝纤度因子贡献率5.739 6%。在欧氏距离聚类图中,可把60个品种分成3大类,即28个品种组成的优质高产类群、19个品种组成的一般类群、13个品种组成的特殊性状遗传材料类群。第1、2公因子茧丝产量和生命力是家蚕育种中的两个主要指标,在各个世代选育过程中根据少数公因子和特殊因子进行选择与改良,提高育种效率。聚类分析能够揭示不同家蚕品种之间的相对遗传距离,能较好地为家蚕杂交育种和品种资源的利用及改良提供科学客观的依据。Using factor analysis and variety clustering methods to comprehensively evaluate Bombyx mori germplasm resources can improve the efficiency of variety identification and facilitate the rational and effective selection of breeding parents,providing important references for breeding work.With 60 Bombyx mori germplasm resources as the tested materials,their main quantitative traits were subjected to factor analysis,and cluster analysis was conducted based on their Euclidean distance.The cumulative contribution rate of the first 5 common factors of the quantitative traits of the tested Bombyx mori germplasm resources reached 92.7545%,among which the cocoon silk yield composition factor was the first common factor with a maximum contribution rate of 45.9548%;the vitality composition factor was the second common factor with a contribution rate of 18.7033%;the third common factor was the reelability factor with a contribution rate of 12.5612%;the fourth and fifth common factors were the hatching rate factor and the cocoon filament size factor with contribution rates of 9.7956%and 5.7396%,respectively.In the Euclidean distance clustering diagram,the 60 germplasm resources can be divided into three main groups,namely,a high-quality and high-yielding group composed of 28 germplasm resources,a general group composed of 19 germplasm resources,and a special trait genetic material group composed of 13 germplasm resources.The first and second common factors,cocoon silk yield and vitality,are two main indicators in Bombyx mori breeding,and selection and improvement are made based on a few common factors and special factors in each generation breeding process to improve breeding efficiency.Cluster analysis can reveal the relative genetic distance between different Bombyx mori germplasm resources,and provide a scientific and objective basis for the hybrid breeding,utilization and improvement of Bombyx mori germplasm resources.

关 键 词：家蚕 数量性状 因子分析 聚类 

分 类 号：S881[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]