电话与书信的信息迷宫——卡夫卡《城堡》中的媒介技术及其政治隐喻  

A Labyrinth of Messages from Telephone and Letters:Media Techniques as Political Metaphors in Franz Kafka’s The Castle

作　　者：李双志 Li Shuangzhi(German Department,Fudan University,Shanghai,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学外文学院,上海200433

出　　处：《外国文学》2024年第5期39-52,共14页Foreign Literature

摘　　要：卡夫卡在他创作的最后一部未竟之作、长篇小说《城堡》中,以超现实的手法展示了一个等级森严却臃肿低效的官僚科层体制。小说的叙事重心是一整套充满悖论的信息交际网络,其中电话和书信作为两种媒介技术形式交替出现,彼此竞争,相互映照,既展示了管治系统的权力操纵机制,又显示了这个机制的匿名性与具身性之间的混合。媒介技术在这里就是管治技术,对媒介功能的书写就是对权力秩序的嘲讽。本文以媒介发展史为语境,剖析《城堡》中信息传递的失序现象,说明这种媒介书写所包含的政治寓意,也以此说明卡夫卡对媒介与权力之间的关系的犀利洞见与精准表达。In his last unfinished novel The Castle,Franz Kafka displays in his surrealistic manner a bureaucratic system which is characteristic of strict hierarchy and rigid inefficacy.The narration of this novel focuses on a communicative network full of paradoxes,where telephone calls and letters as the main forms of media techniques appear in turn and competition,reflecting each other.By writing so,Kafka depicts how the regiment manipulates and controls people and how its anonymity and embodiment come into combination.Media techniques prove to be controlling techniques,and the presentation of media functions leads to an ironic exposition of the power order.This article traces the historical context of the media development and analyzes the disorder of message transition illustrated in The Castle,to examine Franz Kafka's insight into the relationships between media and power as well as his precise expression of them.

关 键 词：电话 书信 卡夫卡 《城堡》 媒介技术 

分 类 号：I521[文学—其他各国文学]