内蒙古中西部6个典型城市可吸入颗粒物暴露对居民每日死亡影响  

Effect of short-term exposure to ambient inhalable particulate matter on daily mortality in six typical cities in central and western Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,2017–2022:analysis of death registry and daily meteorological data

作　　者：魏娜娜[1] 杨升美 张向楠 范耀春[1] 秦钰涵 张晨光[1] WEI Nana;YANG Shengmei;ZHANG Xiangnan;FAN Yaochun;QIN Yuhan;ZHANG Chenguang(Institute of Environmental Health,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hohhot 010000)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区疾病预防控制中心环境卫生所,呼和浩特010000

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2024年第7期862-867,共6页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的了解内蒙古中西部6个典型城市可吸入颗粒物(PM_(10))暴露对居民每日死亡的影响,为相关部门制定空气污染防护措施提供参考依据。方法收集内蒙古呼和浩特市、包头市、鄂尔多斯市、巴彦淖尔市、乌海市和阿拉善盟6个中西部典型城市2017年1月1日—2021年12月31日城区逐日气象资料、大气污染物浓度和居民死亡数据,采用广义线性模型定量评估内蒙古中西部6个典型城市PM_(10)暴露与居民每日死亡的关系,并分性别、年龄、文化程度和婚姻状况进行分层分析。结果内蒙古中西部6个典型城市2017—2021年PM_(10)日均浓度为(89.17±84.71)μg/m^(3),居民非意外总死亡、呼吸系统疾病死亡和循环系统疾病死亡的每日平均死亡数分别为(71±15)、(10±4)和(34±10)例;单日滞后效应分析结果显示,PM_(10)日均浓度每升高10μg/m^(3),当日(Lag0 d)居民非意外总死亡数和循环系统疾病死亡数分别增加0.11%(ER=0.11%,95%CI=0.03%~0.20%)和0.12%(ER=0.12%,95%CI=0.03%~0.20%),当日(Lag0 d)女性、≥65岁、初中及以下和非在婚居民非意外总死亡数分别增加0.17%(ER=0.17%,95%CI=0.05%~0.30%)、0.15%(ER=0.15%,95%CI=0.05%~0.25%)、0.12%(ER=0.12%,95%CI=0.02%~0.22%)和0.25%(ER=0.25%,95%CI=0.11%~0.39%);累积滞后效应分析结果显示,PM_(10)日均浓度每升高10μg/m^(3),累积滞后7d(Lag07 d)居民非意外总死亡数和循环系统疾病死亡数分别增加0.25%(ER=0.25%,95%CI=0.08%~0.42%)和0.26%(ER=0.26%,95%CI=0.03%~0.50%),累积滞后7 d(Lag07 d)女性、≥65岁、初中及以下和在婚居民非意外总死亡数分别增加0.47%(ER=0.47%,95%CI=0.22%~0.72%)、0.33%(ER=0.33%,95%CI=0.13%~0.52%)、0.25%(ER=0.25%,95%CI=0.06%~0.45%)和0.32%(ER=0.32%,95%CI=0.03%~0.61%),累积滞后6 d(Lag6 d)在婚居民非意外总死亡数增加0.34%(ER=0.34%,95%CI=0.07%~0.61%)。结论内蒙古中西部6个典型城市PM_(10)的暴露会增加居民的非意外总死亡和循环系统疾病死亡,且以女性、≥65岁Objective To study the short-term exposure to ambient particulate matter less than 10μm in aerodynamic diameter(PM_(10))on daily mortality in residents of six typical cities in central and western Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(Inner Mongolia)to provide evidence for the development of air pollution control policies.Methods Data on daily mortality of permanent residents in six typical cities in central and western Inner Mongolia during 2017–2021 were collected from the Death Registration and Reporting Information System of municipal disease prevention and control centers,and data on daily meteorological conditions were collected from the municipal meteorological bureaus of the six cities,including Hohhot,Baotou,Ordos,Bayannur,Wuhai,and Alxa League.The daily average atmospheric PM_(10),sulfur dioxide(SO2),nitrogen dioxide(NO2)and ozone(O3)during the same period were calculated from the detection records of 24 national air pollutant monitoring stations in the six cities.A generalized linear model was used to quantitatively assess the relationship between PM_(10)exposure and daily mortality among residents of these cities,with stratified analysis by gender,age,education,and marital status.Results For the six cities during the 5-year period,the daily mean PM_(10)concentration was 89.17±84.71μg/m^(3);the daily mean number of total non-accidental deaths,deaths from respiratory diseases,and deaths from circulatory diseases were 71±15,10±4,and 34±10,respectively.Single-day lag effect analysis showed that a 10μg/m^(3)increase in daily mean PM_(10)concentration was associated with increased total nonaccidental mortality(excess risk[ER]=0.11%,95%confidence interval[95%CI]:0.03%–0.20%)and circulatory disease mortality(ER=0.12%,95%CI:0.03%–0.20%)at lag day 0 in all residents and increased non-accidental mortality in female residents(ER=0.17%,95%CI:0.05%–0.30%),older residents≥65 years(ER=0.15%,95%CI:0.05%–0.25%),residents with a junior high school education or less(ER=0.12%,95%CI:0.02%–0.22%),and unmarri

关 键 词：每日死亡 可吸入颗粒物(PM10) 暴露 影响 典型城市 

分 类 号：R122.26[医药卫生—环境卫生学]