2019—2020年湖北省监测地区慢性阻塞性肺疾病流行现状及影响因素分析  

Epidemiological status and influencing factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the surveillance area of Hubei Province from 2019 to 2020

作　　者：唐雨萌[1] 刘姗姗 张岚[1] 祝淑珍[1] 洪杰[3] 刘庆 李俊华[5] 张莉 王永红 涂画[1] 卢昊[1] TANG Yumeng;LIU Shanshan;ZHANG Lan;ZHU Shuzhen;HONG Jie;LIU Qing;LI Junhua;ZHANG Li;WANG Yonghong;TU Hua;LU Hao(Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan,Hubei 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430079 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院附属武汉儿童医院、武汉市妇幼保健院、湖北省公卫医师规范化培训项目 [3]荆州市公安县疾病预防控制中心 [4]咸宁市嘉鱼县疾病预防控制中心 [5]孝感市应城市疾病预防控制中心 [6]随州市随县疾病预防控制中心 [7]十堰市郧西县疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2024年第8期996-1001,共6页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：中央转移支付重大公共卫生项目;湖北省卫生健康委员会科研项目(WJ2019M250)。

摘　　要：目的了解湖北省2019—2020年5个监测点慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary dis?ease,COPD)的流行现状及影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,对监测人群进行问卷调查、身体测量和肺功能检查,运用logistic回归分析COPD患病的影响因素。结果湖北省监测地区COPD患病率为12.59%,对样本进行加权后农村患病率(15.74%)高于城镇(5.90%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=38.542,P<0.01),男性患病率(19.19%)高于女性(3.97%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=93.943,P<0.01)。COPD患病率随年龄增大而升高(χ^(2)=31.690,P<0.01),≥70岁年龄组患病率最高(23.56%)。Logistic回归分析显示,男性(OR=4.07,95%CI:2.52~6.57)、50~<60岁(OR=2.75,95%CI:1.45~5.19)、60~<70岁(OR=4.06,95%CI:2.13~7.73)、≥70岁(OR=5.23,95%CI:2.53~10.82)、吸烟(OR=1.60,95%CI:1.08~2.40)、有呼吸道疾病家族史(OR=1.46,95%CI:1.04~2.07)以及有任一呼吸道症状(OR=2.74,95%CI:1.88~4.00)与COPD的患病有相关性。结论湖北省监测地区COPD的患病受性别、年龄、吸烟、环境和遗传等因素的影响,应有针对性地采取综合干预措施,控制COPD发生发展。Objective To investigate the epidemiological status and related influencing factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)in five disease surveillance points of Hubei Province,China,from 2019 to2020.Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey,physical measurement,and pulmonary function test on the monitored population.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of COPD.Results The prevalence of COPD in the monitored area was 12.59%.After weighting the sample,the prevalence rate in rural areas(15.74%)was significantly higher than that in urban areas(5.90%)(χ^(2)=38.542,P<0.01),and the prevalence rate in males(19.19%)was significantly higher than that in females(3.97%)(χ^(2)=93.943,P<0.01).The COPD prevalence rate increased with age(χ^(2)=31.690,P<0.01),with the highest prevalence rate in the≥70 age group(23.56%).Logistic regression analysis indicated that males(OR=4.07,95%CI:2.52-6.57),50-<60 years old(OR=2.75,95%CI:1.45-5.19),60-<70 years old(OR=4.06,95%CI:2.13-7.73),≥70 years old(OR=5.23,95%CI:2.53-10.82),smokers(OR=1.60,95%CI:1.08-2.40),family history of respiratory disease(OR=1.46,95%CI:1.04-2.07),and presence of any respiratory symptoms(OR=2.74,95%CI:1.88-4.00)were significantly associated with COPD.Conclusions The COPD prevalence in the monitoring regions of Hubei Province is affected by factors such as gender,age,smoking,environment,and genetics.Targeted comprehensive intervention measures should be taken to control the incidence and development of COPD in regions.

关 键 词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病 患病率 监测 

分 类 号：R181.2[医药卫生—流行病学]