2011—2020年深圳市学生结核病报告发病特征分析  

Analysis of tuberculosis incidence characteristics among students in Shenzhen from 2011 to 2020

作　　者：车晓玲[1] 马苗苗 洪创跃[1] 李明珍[1] 卢春容 周继昌 谭卫国[1] CHE Xiaoling;MA Miaomiao;HONG Chuangyue;LI Mingzhen;LU Chunrong;ZHOU Jichang;TAN Weiguo(Shenzhen Chronic Disease Prevention and Control Center,Shenzhen Institute of Lung Disease Prevention and Control,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518020,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市慢性病防治中心、深圳市肺部疾病防治研究所,广东深圳518020 [2]中山大学(深圳)

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2024年第8期1047-1052,共6页Chinese Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的通过分析深圳市学生肺结核报告发病特征及变化趋势,为制定深圳市学校结核病防控政策提供依据。方法从“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”收集2011—2020年深圳市报告的学生及全人群肺结核患者资料,从《深圳市统计年鉴2022》收集学生及全人口数资料,分析学生肺结核报告发病特征,并与全人群报告发病特征进行对比。结果2011—2020年深圳市累计报告学生肺结核患者1799例,年平均报告发病率12.67/10万,低于全人群年平均报告发病率(37.40/10万);学生肺结核报告发病率呈上升趋势,从9.20/10万上升到16.09/10万(χ^(2)_(趋势)=130.151,P<0.01);学生报告发病数占全人群报告发病数的构成比也呈现上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=263.022,P<0.01)。累计报告学生病原学阳性肺结核患者852例,报告发病率从4.37/10万升至10.54/10万,呈上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=127.757,P<0.01);且病原学阳性患者占比也由47.52%上升至65.51%。全年各月报告发病较为平稳,其中2月最少,4月最多;宝安区报告发病数最多,大鹏新区最少;男生肺结核报告发病数高于女生,性别比1.46∶1;大学学龄段(≥18岁)报告发病数最多,941例(52.31%),其次为高中学龄段(15~<18岁)637例(35.41%)。结论2011—2020年深圳市学生肺结核报告发病率呈现稳中有升的趋势,且学生肺结核患者占全人群肺结核患者的构成比出现明显上升,提示深圳市学校结核病疫情面临严峻形势。Objective To analyze the incidence characteristics and trends of reported pulmonary tuberculosis(TB)cases among students in Shenzhen so as to provide evidence for the formulation of TB prevention and control policies in schools in Shenzhen.Methods Data on reported TB cases among students and the general population in Shenzhen from 2011 to 2020 were extracted from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.Population data were obtained from the Shenzhen Statistical Yearbook 2022.The incidence characteristics of student TB cases were analyzed and compared with those of the general population.Results From 2011 to 2020,there were 1799 reported cases of TB among students in Shenzhen,yielding an average annual incidence rate of 12.67/100000,significantly lower than that in the general population(37.40/100000).The reported incidence of TB among students showed an increasing trend in the study period,from9.20/100000 to 16.09/100000(χ^(2)_(trend)=130.151,P<0.01),so did the proportion of student cases in the cases from the general population(χ^(2)_(trend)=263.022,P<0.01).A total of 852 student cases of pathogenic positive TB were reported,and the reported incidence of such cases increased from 4.37/100000 to 10.54/100000,showing an obvious upward trend(χ^(2)_(trend)=127.757,P<0.01).The proportion of microbiologically confirmed cases increased from 47.52%to 65.51%.The reported incidence of the disease was relatively stable in all months of the year,with the lowest in February and the highest in April.Bao'an District reported the largest number of cases,while Dapeng New District reported the smallest.Males had a significantly higher incidence rate than females,with a sex ratio of 1.46∶1.The majority of the reported cases were in the college age group(≥18 years)(941 cases,52.31%),followed by the high school age group(15-<18 years)(637 cases,35.41%).Conclusions From 2011 to 2020,the reported incidence rate of TB among students in Shenzhen showed a steady upward trend,with a notable rise in the proportio

关 键 词：核肺结 学生 发病率 趋势分析 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]