变压强工况下膜式空气弹簧橡胶气囊迟滞力学特性统一模型研究  

Research on Unified Model of Hysteretic Mechanical Characteristic of Rubber Bellows for Rolling Lobe Air Spring under Variable Pressure Working Conditions

作　　者：杨树军[1] 刘泓江 陈俊杰 王宏宇 高向东 刘敬豪 YANG Shujun;LIU Hongjiang;CHEN Junjie;WANG Hongyu;GAO Xiangdong;LIU Jinghao(Hebei Key Laboratory of Special Delivery Equipment,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000;Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center for Mechanical and Electrical of Mining and Metallurgy,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000;Technical Center,Jiangxi Dalong Heavy Industry Co.,Ltd.,Yingtan 335000)

机构地区：[1]燕山大学河北省特种运载装备重点实验室,秦皇岛066004 [2]江西理工大学机电工程学院,赣州341000 [3]江西理工大学江西省矿冶机电工程技术研究中心,赣州341000 [4]江西大隆重型工业有限公司技术中心,鹰潭335000

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2024年第16期241-248,共8页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51905240,52362053);江西省自然科学基金(20202BABL204035);赣州市科技创新人才资助项目。

摘　　要：橡胶气囊是影响膜式空气弹簧力学特性的关键部件,导致膜式空气弹簧力学特性具有典型的迟滞非线性、压强参数时变等特性。围绕变压强工况下橡胶气囊迟滞力学特性建模难题,引入压强因子,建立Coulomb摩擦压强摄动模型、分数导数Kelvin-Voigt压强摄动模型描述橡胶气囊迟滞力学特性行为,构建压强统一方程表征变压强工况下模型参数的演变规律,建立变压强工况下橡胶气囊迟滞力学特性统一模型。以某膜式空气弹簧为试验样件A,基于MTS852.05测试台架开展变压强工况下膜式空气弹簧的静态、动态特性试验,计算与试验结果表明样件A静刚度迟滞回线相对误差小于1.1%,迟滞回线损耗能量相对误差小于1.3%,动刚度最大相对误差小于3.4%,验证变压强工况下橡胶气囊迟滞力学特性统一模型的准确性和普适性。最后,分析压强因子对橡胶气囊迟滞力学特性的影响规律,指出压强因子对模型参数F_(fmax)(p_(z))、K_(e)(p_(z))的正相关影响导致橡胶气囊的动态特性具有类似的压强相关性。研究结果为变压强工况下膜式空气弹簧刚度设计与匹配提供理论依据。The rubber bellows is the essential component that affects the mechanical characteristics of rolling lobe air spring(RLAS),resulting in the typical hysteretic nonlinear characteristics,time-varying pressure parameters characteristics and others.Focusing on modeling difficulty of describing the hysteretic mechanical characteristics of rubber bellows under variable pressure working conditions,Coulomb friction pressureperturbation model and fractional derivative Kelvin-Voigt pressure perturbation model are jointly used to describe the hysteretic mechanical behavior of rubber bellows by introducing pressure factor,and the evolution laws of model parameters under variable pressure working conditionsare characterized by constructing unified pressure equation.The unified model of hysteretic mechanical characteristics of rubber bellows for RLAS under variable pressure working conditions is established.Based on the MTS852.05 test bench,the static and dynamic characteristics of RLAS under variable pressure working conditions were tested with a RLAS as test sample A.The calculation and test results show that the relative error of static stiffness hysteresis loopof test sample A is less than 1.1%,the relative error of loss energy of hysteresis loop is less than 1.3%,and the maximum relative error of dynamic stiffness is less than 3.4%,which verifies the accuracy and universality of unified model of hysteretic mechanical characteristics of rubber bellows for RLAS under variable pressure working conditions.Finally,the influence laws of pressure factor on the hysteretic mechanical characteristics of rubber bellowsare further analyzed,and It is pointed out that the positive correlation of pressure factors on model parameters F_(fmax)(p_(z))and K_(e)(p_(z))leads to similar pressure dependence of dynamic characteristics of rubber bellows.The research results provide a theoretical basis for stiffness design and matching of RLAS under variable pressure working conditions.

关 键 词：橡胶气囊 膜式空气弹簧 迟滞力学特性 统一模型 变压强工况 

分 类 号：U463[机械工程—车辆工程]