新疆大豆生产与布局历史演变分析  

Analysis of Historical Evolution of Soybean Production andDistribution in Xinjiang

作　　者：苗红萍 田聪华[1] 王仙[2] MIAO Hongping;TIAN Conghua;WANG Xian(Institute of Agricultural Economics and Scientific and Technological Information,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China;Institute of Grain Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院农业经济与科技信息研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《大豆科技》2024年第5期36-43,47,共9页Soybean Science & Technology

基　　金：新疆大豆产业技术体系产业经济岗项目(XJARS-04);第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(2021xjkk020041)。

摘　　要：新疆种植大豆历史悠久,是我国优质大豆产区。文章基于1 952—2023年新疆大豆生产统计和调研数据,运用描述性统计分析方法,从新疆大豆生产规模与产量、大豆空间生产布局及主要种植模式3个视角对新疆大豆生产在不同时段的发展变化特点和总体演变趋势进行分析。结果表明,新疆大豆生产规模和总产量先后经历稳中有增、大幅扩张、稳定发展、萎缩、恢复增长5个阶段,生产规模扩张对大豆产量贡献率均高于50%。单产变异系数高于全国及美国平均水平,但其贡献率整体较低。大豆生产由以地方为主转变为以兵团为主,空间布局由以昌吉州、塔城地区、伊犁州直为主转变为北有伊犁州直、南有喀什地区的新局面,种植模式由以早熟春播大豆为主转变为夏播为主,春播为辅。Xinjiang had a long history of soybean cultivation and was a high-quality soybean producing area in China.Based on the statistical and survey data of Xinjiang soybean production from 1952 to 2023,descriptive statistical analysis method was used to analyze the development and change characteristics and overall evolution trend of Xinjiang soybean production in different periods from three perspectives:soybean production scale,soybean spatial production layout and main planting patterns.The results showed that Xinjiang's soybean production,planting and total output have experienced five stages:steady growth,large scale expansion,steady scale development,scale contraction and scale recovery.The increase of Xinjiang's soybean production mainly depends on the increase of soybean planting area,and the contribution rate of scale expansion was more than 50%,the variation coefficient of yield per unit was higher than the national and American average level,and the overall contribution rate was low.Soybean production had changed from local to XP-based,the spatial layout had changed from Changji prefecture,Tacheng prefecture and Yili prefecture to Yili prefecture in the north and Kashi prefecture in the south,and the planting mode has changed from early spring soybeans to summer soybeans,spring sowing was auxiliary.

关 键 词：大豆 生产结构与布局 演变 新疆 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]