氢气纯化吸附材料研究进展  

Advances of adsorption materials for hydrogen purification

作　　者：苏士焜 刘唐 金也 郑金玉 SU Shikun;LIU Tang;JIN Ye;ZHENG Jinyu(New Energy Research Institute,RIPP,SINOPEC,Beijing 100083,China;School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司新能源研究所,北京100083 [2]中国石油大学(北京)化学工程与环境学院,北京102249

出　　处：《化工进展》2024年第10期5612-5632,共21页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

摘　　要：氢能作为未来重要的能源组成,其来源具有多样性。其中工业制氢和副产氢过程通常会伴随多种杂质,如H_(2)O、CO_(2)、CO、N_(2)、烃类、硫化物等,而杂质对氢气的实际应用影响较大,因此对工业粗氢和副产氢进行纯化处理是满足各类合格用氢需求的关键环节。吸附分离是目前工业上最为常用的氢气纯化技术之一,其中吸附材料的性能直接影响分离效率和工艺操作成本,研发高性能、低成本吸附材料是吸附分离技术应用于氢气纯化的重点研究方向。本文简述了常见的氢气纯化技术及吸附分离机理,重点归纳总结了活性炭、沸石分子筛和金属有机骨架材料(MOFs)对氢气中所含CH_(4)、CO_(2)、CO杂质的吸附脱除行为,讨论了吸附材料性能优化的研究现状,总结了上述吸附材料在工业应用中的优缺点,并认为未来氢气纯化吸附材料的研究应在吸附机理和计算方面有所侧重。Hydrogen,as an important energy component in the future,has diverse sources.Industrial hydrogen production and by-product hydrogen processes often come with various impurities,such as H_(2)O,CO_(2),CO,N_(2),hydrocarbons,sulfides,etc.Impurities have a significant impact on the practical application of hydrogen gas.Therefore,purifying industrial crude hydrogen and by-product hydrogen is the key step in meeting various qualified hydrogen requirements.Adsorption separation is currently one of the most commonly used industrial hydrogen purification technologies,where the performance of adsorption materials directly affects separation efficiency and process operating costs.Developing high-performance and low-cost adsorption materials is the key research direction for the application of adsorption separation technology in hydrogen purification.This article briefly described common hydrogen purification technologies and adsorption separation mechanisms with a focus on summarizing the adsorption and removal behavior of CH_(4),CO_(2),and CO impurities in hydrogen by activated carbon,zeolite molecular sieves and metal-organic framework materials(MOFs).The research status of optimizing the performance of adsorption materials was discussed,and the advantages and disadvantages of the above adsorption materials in industrial applications were summarized.It was believed that research on hydrogen purification adsorption materials should focus on adsorption mechanisms and calculations.

关 键 词：氢气纯化 吸附材料 活性炭 沸石分子筛 金属有机骨架 

分 类 号：TQ42[化学工程]