凸导轨关键参数对电流密度分布的影响分析  

Influence of key parameters of convex rail on current density distribution

作　　者：张嘉炜 谭赛 李白 胡鑫凯 ZHANG Jiawei;TAN Sai;LI Bai;HU Xinkai(National Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Energy,Naval Univ.of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学电磁能技术全国重点实验室,武汉430033

出　　处：《海军工程大学学报》2024年第5期48-53,共6页Journal of Naval University of Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(92166204,92166108,52107064);湖北省自然科学基金资助项目(2020CFB341)。

摘　　要：电磁直线推进机构中导轨的形状密切影响着电流的分布,凸导轨在促进电流的均匀分布方面相对平导轨、凹导轨具有明显的优势。目前,尚未有文献分析研究凸导轨的弧面半径、覆层材料厚度等关键参数对电流分布的影响效果。因此,通过Maxwell有限元仿真软件,使用等效频率方法,针对25 mm小口径凸导轨电磁直线推进机构,计算了不同弧面半径、覆层材料厚度的电流密度与焦耳热功率的分布情况。结果表明:对于该口径直线推进机构,在弧面半径增大过程中,最大电流密度的位置会从弧顶向两侧边缘移动,最大值不断增加;钢覆层导轨有效降低了表面电流密度的最大值,但有更高的焦耳热功率;弧面半径为20 mm时,有最均匀的电流密度分布效果,1 mm厚度钢覆层可一定程度降低表面焦耳热功率。该研究结果对凸导轨的优化有一定指导作用。The shape of the rail in the electromagnetic linear propulsion mechanism affects the current distribution.The convex rail has obvious advantages over the flat one and the concave one in forming the uniform distribution of the current.However,there is no research so far to analyze the influence of key parameters such as the radius of the arc surface and the thickness of the coating material on the current distribution for the convex rail.In this light,Maxwell finite element simulation software and the equivalent frequency method were used to analyse the current density and Joule heating power distribution of different arc radius and coating material thickness for a 25 mm small-caliber convex rail electromagnetic linear propulsion mechanism.The results show that the increasing radius of the arc surface of the mechanism makes the position of the maximum current density move from the top of the arc to the edges of both sides,and the maximum value also increases.The steel cladding rail reduces the maximum value of the surface current density effectively,but leads to higher Joule heating power.For this mechanism,the radius of 20 mm can reach the most uniform current density distribution,and the steel coating thickness of 1 mm can reduce the surface Joule heating power.The results represent progress on the optimization of convex rail.

关 键 词：直线推进机构 弧面导轨 电流密度 焦耳热功率 

分 类 号：TM359.4[电气工程—电机]