装备采购中的专利定价方法  

Patent pricing methods in equipment procurement

作　　者：梁新[1] 梁云娟 魏华 LIANG Xin;LIANG Yunjuan;WEI Hua(Dept.of Management Engineering and Equipment Economics,Naval Univ.of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学管理工程与装备经济系,武汉430033

出　　处：《海军工程大学学报》2024年第5期68-73,共6页Journal of Naval University of Engineering

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(18BGL287)。

摘　　要：装备采购中的专利定价机制和法规不完善导致其转移无法得到合理补偿和有效激励,因此在装备采购中建立科学的专利定价方法是亟需解决的基础性问题。由于装备采购中专利成果转化运用的目的以及衡量标准不同于一般市场上的民用专利,首先从装备采购的特点出发,分别在专利权人和军方的视角下,采用固定费用和提成两种定价方法,设计了最优专利许可合同;然后,对定价模型中的关键参数进行了分析,求解出专利定价区间;最后,通过讨价还价确定了专利最优定价,较为合理地反映了装备采购中专利定价的特殊性。研究发现:在专利权人视角下,当需求量固定时,采用两种定价方式效果是相同的,而需求量变化时,采用提成定价更合理;在军方视角下,两种定价方式的效果相同,与需求量无关。The existing patent pricing mechanism and laws in equipment procurement is imperfect,which results in the fact that the transfer does not lead to reasonable compensation and effective incentive,so it is urgent that a scientific patent pricing method in equipment procurement be established.Since the difference of purpose and measurement standard of patent achievements transformation and application in military equipment procurement from those of civil patents in the general market,the model started with the characteristics of equipment procurement by adopting two pricing methods of fixed fee and commission from the perspectives of the patentee and the military respectively,the optimal patent license contract was designed.And then,the key parameters in the pricing model were ana-lyzed,so that the patent pricing interval was solved.Finally,the optimal patent pricing was determined by bargaining,which reasonably reflected the particularity of patent pricing in equipment procurement.It is found that,from the perspective of the patentee,when the demand is fixed the two pricing methods have the same effect,while the commission pricing is more reasonable when the demand changes.From the military point of view,both pricing methods have the same effect regardless of the situation.

关 键 词：装备采购 专利定价 固定费用 提成率 讨价还价 

分 类 号：F810[经济管理—财政学]