西宁市男男性行为者HIV暴露后预防的需求及影响因素分析  

Demand and influencing factors of HIV post-exposure prophylaxis among men who have sex with men in Xining City

作　　者：黄胜南 李伟[1] 赵长成[1] 赵英 李云章[1] HUANG Shengnan;LI Wei;ZHAO Changcheng;ZHAO Ying;LI Yunzhang(Xining Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xining 810018,Qinghai,China)

机构地区：[1]西宁市疾病预防控制中心,西宁810018

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2024年第9期930-934,共5页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

基　　金：西宁市科技计划项目(2022-M-14)。

摘　　要：目的 了解西宁市MSM HIV PEP的知晓情况及其相关需求,分析影响需求的因素。方法 2022-2023年4-7月,通过方便抽样的方法招募研究对象进行现场一对一问卷调查。收集MSM一般人口学资料、艾滋病相关行为以及对PEP服务需求情况及分析其影响因素。结果 共纳入研究对象497例,70.42%(350/497)的人在调查前听说过PEP服务,68.61%(341/497)的人在了解过PEP服务后认为存在PEP服务的需求。随机森林算法显示,当lambda(λ)值为0.003 2时,误差最小,筛选出影响因素的数目为4个,重要性排序居前4位的自变量为PEP药物不良反应、HIV感染风险认知、调查前是否听说过PEP服务和PEP药物价格。逐步回归分析显示PEP药物不良反应(OR=2.851,95%CI:1.768~4.598)、调查前听说过PEP服务(OR=2.984,95%CI:1.917~4.644)、HIV感染风险认知(OR=2.982,95%CI:1.670~5.325)是PEP服务需求的影响因素。结论 西宁市MSM对PEP服务存在较大的需求,应在今后的工作中加强PEP服务的宣传教育,提高MSM对PEP服务的认识,尽快推进PEP服务的开展,以控制艾滋病在MSM中流行。Objective To understand the awareness and related demand for post-exposure prevention(PEP) among men who have sex with men(MSM) in Xining City, and to analyze the related factors affecting this demand. Methods From April to July 2022-2023, participants were recruited through convenient sampling for an on-site, one-on-one survey using a questionnaire. General demographic data, AIDS-related behaviors, and the demand for PEP services among MSM were collected and factors influencing these were analyzed. Results A total of 497 individuals were included in the study, of whom 70.42%(350/497) had heard of PEP services prior to the survey, and 68.61%(341/497) perceived a demand for PEP services after learning about them. The random forest algorithm indicated that when the lambda(λ) value was 0.003 2, the error was minimal, and the number of influencing factors was 4. The top four independent variables in the importance ranking were adverse drug reactions to PEP, perception of HIV infection risk, awareness of PEP services prior to the survey, and the price of PEP drugs. Stepwise regression analysis showed that adverse drug reactions to PEP(OR=2.851, 95%CI: 1.768-4.598), prior awareness of PEP services(OR=2.984, 95%CI: 1.917-4.644), and perception of HIV infection risk(OR=2.982, 95%CI: 1.670-5.325) were factors influencing the demand for PEP services. Conclusions There is a substantial demand for PEP services among MSM in Xining City. Future efforts should focus on enhancing publicity and education regarding PEP services, improving the understanding of PEP services among MSM, and facilitating the prompt implementation of PEP services to control the spread of AIDS among MSM.

关 键 词：艾滋病 暴露后预防 男男性行为者 随机森林 

分 类 号：R373.9[医药卫生—病原生物学]