乡村生计与生态的平衡——作为“中间组织”的农民专业合作社  

Balancing Rural Livelihoods and Ecology:Farmers’Cooperatives as“Intermediate Organizations”

作　　者：林兆琦 LIN Zhao-qi(Department of Social Governance and Ecological Advancement,Party School of the Central Committee of CPC,Beijing 100091)

机构地区：[1]中央党校(国家行政学院)社会和生态文明教研部,北京100091

出　　处：《中央民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第4期114-123,共10页Journal of Minzu University of China(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“健全乡村基层治理体系研究”(项目编号:20ZDA081)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：乡村生态环境的治理保护应当置于国家与农民的关系下进行分析,国家与农民之间需要“中间层”。组织是治理乡村生态环境的核心要素,维持乡村生计与生态保护的平衡是其具体目标。农户是生计活动的主体,亦是保护当地生态环境资源的主体。由是观之,中间层的构成强调从组织精英到组织群众转变,以及利益关联的重要性。当下,传统的乡村中间层弱化,亟须构建或寻找新的中间组织增强中间层力量。位于农业产区,且主要经济关系与社会关系都在村庄内的农民专业合作社,可以成为涵盖经济、文化、政治三者的乡村中间组织,通过利益关联平衡乡村生计与生态保护的关系,改善农户生活的同时,激发农民呵护当地生态环境的内生动力。The social governance of rural ecological environment should be analyzed under the relationship between the state and farmers,and in between the two,there needs an“intermediate layer”,or an“intermediate organization”.Organization is the core element of rural ecological environment management,with maintaining the balance between rural livelihood and ecology as its specific goal.Farmers are the main body of livelihood activities and the main body of protecting local ecological environment resources.From this perspective,the composition of the intermediary layer emphasizes the importance of the transformation from the organizational elite to the organizational masses,and the importance of the benefits associated with it.At present,the traditional village-level organization has been weakened,and the intermediary layer in rural China has been weakened,and the situation is thus in urgent need for the intermediary organization to strengthen the strength of the strength of the intermediary layer.Specialized farmer cooperatives which located in agricultural production areas,and of which the main economic and social relations are in the village,can indeed become a rural intermediate organization covering the integration of economy,culture and politics.It can correlate and balance the relationship between rural livelihood and ecology through interest,improve the life of farmers,and at the same time stimulate the endogenous power of farmers to care for the local ecological environment.

关 键 词：中间组织 农民专业合作社 农业农村污染 环境社会治理 

分 类 号：C915[经济管理]