一份蒙古语八思巴文文书的语文学研究  

A Philological Study of a Mongolian Document in’Phags-pa Script

作　　者：乌云毕力格 BORJIGIDAI Oyunbilig(Institute for Advanced Study in National Philology and Classics,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010021)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学民族古典学高等研究院,呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《中央民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第4期124-133,共10页Journal of Minzu University of China(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金冷门绝学团队项目“明代西域多语种文本与国内民族交流史研究”(项目编号:21VJXT017)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在土耳其伊斯坦布尔大学图书馆收藏的《奇珍集》中含有一份蒙古语八思巴文和畏吾文合璧的文本,旁边有阿拉伯文题记。1962年以来,语言学家们对这份文书进行讨论和引用,但在八思巴文文本的语言解读方面存在较大的分歧,而对文书本身的源流、作者和收藏者等问题很少有人问津。笔者首先重新释读蒙古语八思巴文,提出自己的新见解,进而讨论文本的源头、作者和收藏者。笔者认为,这是一份15世纪帖木儿帝国王储皮儿·马黑麻所写的文字,大致成书于1397—1407年间,在15世纪时被奥斯曼人带到其帝国首都伊斯坦布尔,最终成为穆罕默德二世的宫廷收藏品。这说明,中国对“丝绸之路”沿线国家和民族的历史文化影响非常深刻,中国与丝路沿线各民族之间的交往交流是今天中国和欧亚大陆各国之间经济文化交流的历史条件。The Ma jma al-'A jā'ib(Treasure Collection)preserved at the Istanbul University Library in Turkey contains a bilingual text in Mongolian'Phags-pa script and Uighur script,with notes and preface in Arabic.Since 1962,linguists have discussed and cited this document,yet there have been significant disagreements regarding the linguistic interpretation of the'Phags-pa script.Furthermore,few research has been conducted on the provenance,authorship,and collectors of the document.This article reinterprets the Mongolian'Phags-pa script,proposes the writer's new perspective,and subsequently discusses the origins,authorship,and collectors of the text.The writer believes that this document was written by Pir Muhammad,the imperial crown prince of the Timurid Empire,approximately between 1397 and 1407.It was brought to the Ottoman Empire's capital,Istanbul,in the 15th century and ultimately became part of the court collection of Muhammad II.This indicates that China's historical and cultural influence on the countries and peoples along the Silk Road was profound,and the interactions and exchanges between China and the various peoples along the Silk Road laid the historical foundation for today's economic and cultural exchanges between China and the countries of the Eurasian Continent.

关 键 词：八思巴文 帖木儿帝国 皮儿·马黑麻 奥斯曼帝国 文化交流 

分 类 号：C09[社会学]