不同施肥条件对秋茄幼苗培育及土壤微生物的影响  

Effects of Fertilizers Applied on Growth of Kandelia obovata Seedlings and Microbial Community in Soil

作　　者：李龙[1,2] 张梅玲 刘乐冕 郭毅松 陈剑锋[1,2,3] LI Long;ZHANG Meiling;LIU Lemian;GUO Yisong;CHEN Jianfeng(School of Advanced Manufacturing,Fuzhou University,Jinjiang,Fujian 362200,China;Marine Engineering Research and Development Center of Jinjiang Science and Education Park,Fuzhou University,Jinjiang,Fujian 362200,China;College of Biological Science and Engineering,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学先进制造学院,福建晋江362200 [2]福州大学晋江科教园海洋工程研发中心,福建晋江362200 [3]福州大学生物科学与工程学院,福建福州350108

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2024年第7期839-847,共9页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：泉州市科技计划项目(2022N042);国家自然科学基金项目(32371613、31971469)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明肥料种类和施肥量对秋茄(Kandelia obovata)幼苗生长的影响以及土壤微生物的响应。【方法】选用3种有机肥和1种无机肥,以不施肥组(CK)为对照,设置了4个施肥量梯度,测定秋茄幼苗株高、叶长、叶宽、叶片数增长量、叶绿素含量,并对土壤微生物群落进行16S r RNA基因高通量测序。【结果】秋茄最适施肥条件是9.74 g·kg^(-1)基质的尊龙牌蚓肥,120 d后株高、叶长、叶宽、叶数增长量比对照组分别增加117.50%、51.15%、63.34%、178.57%。施有机肥、无机肥和对照组的土壤微生物群落组成差异明显,施有机肥土壤中有更多特有的微生物。施有机肥土壤微生物α多样性变化趋势与植物生长指标变化趋势正相关,而施无机肥的呈负相关。表明有机肥可能通过促进土壤微生物与植物协同的方式进而有助于植物生长。施有机肥提高了土壤潜在有益菌,如放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)和Nitrospira、Nocardioides、Limibaculum属丰度。【结论】施适量有机肥协同促进秋茄生长和土壤微生物多样性,而施无机肥对秋茄生长促进作用相对较小,并对土壤微生物多样性产生负面影响。【Objective】Effects of fertilizer type and application rate on the growth of Kandelia obovate seedlings as well as the microbial community in soil were studied.【Method】In a field experiment,K.obovate seedlings were planted on lots treated by 3 different organic fertilizers or an inorganic fertilizer at 4 application rates,along with no-fertilizer as control(CK).Plant height and leaf length,width,number,and chlorophyll content of the seedling in the autumn were determined.Composition of the microbial community in soil was detected by high-throughput sequencing based on 16S rRNA gene.【Result】On the lots applied with Zun Long Fertilizer at the rate of 9.74 g·kg^(-1),the seedlings,in comparison to those on CK,were 117.50%taller and had 51.15%longer,63.34%wider,and 178.57%more leaves in 120 d.The microbial compositions in the soil at the lots applied with organic fertilizer,inorganic fertilizer,and CK differed significantly.In addition,there were more distinct species on the organic fertilizers-treated soil than on the others.The plant grew positively with the microbialα-diversity in soil treated with the organic fertilizers,but negatively in soil treated with the inorganic fertilizers.Moreover,the organic fertilization fostered proliferation of beneficial microbes,such as Actinobacteriota and genera Nitrospira,Nocardioides,and Limibaculum,which could synergistically promote the plant growth as well.【Conclusion】Application of organic fertilizer enhanced the growth of K.obovate as well as the microbial diversity of soil.On the other hand,inorganic fertilizer provided relatively limited benefits on the growth of the plants,yet considerably hindered the development of a healthy soil microbiome.

关 键 词：施肥条件 秋茄 红树植物 土壤微生物群落 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]