知识产权服务与企业创新活动——以专利代理机构为例  

Intellectual Property Services and Corporate Innovation:An Empirical Study of Patent Agencies

作　　者：龙小宁 李季 黄腾 LONG Xiaoning;LI Ji;HUANG Teng(Xiamen University,Xiamen,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学知识产权研究院、“一带一路”研究院,361005 [2]厦门大学知识产权研究院,361005 [3]厦门大学邹至庄经济研究院,361005

出　　处：《经济学动态》2024年第8期39-55,共17页Economic Perspectives

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“科技创新的知识产权保护研究:测量指标构建与最优政策选择”(72073114);国家自然科学基金重点项目“我国西部农业市场培育与开放研究”(71933005)。

摘　　要：知识产权服务业是完善知识产权制度,激发创新活力的关键因素。本文基于2007-2020年专利代理机构和上市公司的相关数据,探讨知识产权服务对企业创新的影响。研究表明,委托专利代理机构能够显著提高企业专利的数量和质量。本文使用企业所在城市非同行业上市公司的异地子公司委托代理机构的平均使用情况作为工具变量,来缓解内生性问题;在替换核心变量、增加更严格的固定效应后,估计结果保持稳健。机制检验发现,专利代理机构主要通过提升专利文本质量、降低专利撤回驳回率、辅助企业探索式创新、推动专利布局并促进专利交易来提高企业的创新数量和质量。进一步研究表明,规模更大、市场占有率更高以及技术领域更广泛的专利代理机构对企业创新的促进作用更为显著。本文发现具有如下启示,深化以专利代理机构为代表的知识产权服务业改革,有助于推动以创新为支撑的经济高质量发展。Innovation is the primary driving force for economic development, and high-end service industries such as patent agencies play a crucial role in enhancing intellectual property(IP) protection and fostering innovation. The IP service industry spans the entire IP system chain, supporting high-quality creation, efficient utilization, stringent protection, and advanced management of IP. It is also a key driver for China's industrial structure upgrading and innovationdriven development. However, academia has not extensively explored how IP services affect innovation and what factors determine this impact.This paper investigates the impact and mechanisms of patent agencies on corporate innovation, using China's Ashare listed companies that applied for invention patents from 2007 to 2020 as the research sample. Both theoretical and empirical analyses indicate that utilizing patent agencies significantly enhances the quality of corporate innovation. Mechanism analysis reveals that patent agencies improve the quality of patent applications, reduce the probability of patent withdrawals or rejections, and facilitate exploratory innovation and patent portfolio strategies. Furthermore, larger agencies with higher market shares and broader technical expertise have more pronounced positive effects on corporate innovation.Finally, estimates obtained through instrumental variable regression and propensity score matching(PSM) support the above findings.Compared with existing literature, this paper makes three primary contributions. Firstly, it rigorously demonstrates the essential role of IP services in establishing market mechanisms that incentivize innovation. Using fixed-effects models, instrumental variables, PSM, and other robustness tests, along with text analysis to quantify patent application quality, this paper effectively identifies the causal effects of patent agencies on corporate innovation, offering insights into further leveraging the innovation incentives of the IP system.Secondly, from the perspective of patent ag

关 键 词：知识产权服务 专利代理 企业创新 

分 类 号：F204[经济管理—国民经济] F273.1