上硬下软层状土中锚板抗拔承载特性研究  

Study on the pullout bearing characteristics of anchor plates in layered soil with hard top and soft bottom

作　　者：舒健[1] 毋晓妮 唐超[1] 陈锦剑[1] 李濡宇 SHU Jian;WU Xiaoni;TANG Chao;CHEN Jinjian;LI Ruyu(State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学海洋工程全国重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《海洋工程》2024年第5期54-67,共14页The Ocean Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51809165)。

摘　　要：锚板基础是一类在海工系泊系统中广泛应用的锚固基础,其特点是具有较高的承载力和稳定性。锚板的承载能力是基础设计的重要参考因素,而承载能力与土体的性质密切相关。现有关于锚板承载力的研究多集中在单一均质土层中,而对层状土尤其是上硬下软这类层状土体中的承载特性认识不足。基于数值分析,综合考虑层状土的分层性质,对锚板基础在硬黏-软黏层状土体及砂土-软黏土复合土体中的承载特性展开研究,分析锚板埋深、土层抗剪强度比、层厚比及土体性质等关键因素对锚板周围土体破坏模式和承载力的影响。结果表明:在硬黏-软黏土体中,随着抗剪强度比、层厚比的增加,极限承载力均显著增加;在砂土-软黏土体中,极限承载力同样随着层厚比的增加而增加,当下层软黏土中的锚板破坏进入局部破坏后,层厚比对承载力的影响逐渐减弱。研究可以为上硬下软层状土中锚板基础的承载力确定提供计算方法和理论参考。The anchor plate foundations are widely used as anchoring foundations in offshore mooring systems,characterized by their high bearing capacity and stability.The bearing capacity of anchor plates is an important factor in foundation design,and it is closely related to the properties of the soil.Existing studies on the bearing capacity of anchor plates have mainly focused on single homogeneous soil layers,while the understanding of the bearing characteristics in layered soil,especially the soil with a hard top layer and a soft bottom layer,is limited.Based on numerical analysis,this study comprehensively considers the layered nature of the soil and investigates the bearing characteristics of anchor plate foundations in stiff-clay/soft-clay layered soil and sand/soft-clay composite soil.The influence of key factors,such as anchor plate embedment depth,soil shear strength ratio,layer thickness ratio,and soil properties,on the failure mode and bearing capacity of the soil around the anchor plate are analyzed.The results show that in the stiff-clay/softclay layered soil,the ultimate bearing capacity significantly increases with the increase of the shear strength ratio and the layer thickness ratio.In the sand/soft-clay composite soil,the ultimate bearing capacity also increases with the increase of the layer thickness ratio.When the anchor plate failure in the soft clay layer shows localized failure,the influence of the layer thickness ratio on the bearing capacity gradually diminishes.This study can provide calculation methods and theoretical references for determining the bearing capacity of anchor plate foundations in layered soil with a hard top layer and a soft bottom layer.

关 键 词：锚板基础 抗拔承载力 层状土 埋深比 抗剪强度比 层厚比 

分 类 号：P751[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程] TU432[天文地球—海洋科学]