湿热气候下城市居民热环境风险评估及优化——以深圳市为例  

Thermal Environment Risk Assessment and Optimization of Urban Residents in Hot and Humid Climate:A Case Study Based on Shenzhen City

作　　者：李明倩 王春晓 LI Mingqian;WANG Chunxiao

机构地区：[1]深圳大学建筑与城市规划学院 [2]深圳大学亚热带建筑与城市科学全国重点实验室

出　　处：《南方建筑》2024年第10期83-93,共11页South Architecture

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2023A1515110856):国家公园景观视觉感知与游憩行为关联机制研究;深圳市高等院校稳定支持计划(20220809195202001):后疫情时期城市绿地对居民幸福指数影响研究:以深圳市为例。

摘　　要：随着全球气候变暖的加剧,城市面临着越来越频繁和持续的热风险。以深圳市为例,基于Landsat8 OLI/TIRS遥感影像和社会经济数据,使用空间自相关分析、Z-score标准化法和优先级指数,分析了热环境调节服务综合供需空间特征,进行城市干预的降温服务优先级划分。结果表明:1)深圳市的热环境调节服务需求水平呈“西高东低”的空间格局,高需求区主要分布在以居住区和中央商务区为主的街道;2)深圳市热环境调节服务能力的需求水平与其供给水平在空间集聚分布上呈负相关,蓝绿空间规划具有重要的降温效果;3)热环境调节服务的供需匹配中低供-高需状态的街道数量最多,主要分布于中部和西部,区域内的建筑及人口密度均较高,蓝绿空间供给不足;4)高优先级干预街道即高温脆弱性、敏感性较高的街道主要集中在中心城区以及周边片区。研究可为深圳及类似城市的规划和应急管理提供预案制定的参考依据,明晰生态用地与热环境之间的空间特征,从而有效应对未来热风险带来的挑战。The urban heat island effect is intensifying in response to rapid urbanization,which has caused substantial impacts on the health,stability,and sustainability of cities.Therefore,how to accurately recognize key regions of high-temperature supply-demand imbalance in urban streets and conduct high-temperature relief in cities is an urgent topic that current society must solve.A case study based on Shenzhen was carried out.First,indicators were chosen from three influencing factors—risks,exposure,and vulnerability—based on the supply and demand of ecosystem services.Then,the demand for thermal environmental regulation services was calculated using the analytic hierarchy process and entropy value method to characterize the demand level of thermal environmental regulation services in urban streets and make spatial autocorrelation analysis.Second,the thermal environmental regulation service supply was calculated from the cold island effect provided by the blue-green spaces to characterize the supply capacity of thermal environmental regulation services in urban streets and make spatial autocorrelation analysis.Finally,quadrant division and spatial matching were applied to the comprehensive supply-demand indicators gained through Z-score normalization.Later,the priority order of planning intervention was gained through the priority index.Results show that 1)there is a significant spatial heterogeneity in the demand level of thermal environment regulation services in Shenzhen,with an overall spatial distribution pattern of"high in the west and low in the east."High-demand areas are predominantly located in subdistricts primarily characterized by residential zones and central business districts.2)The demand level of heat environment regulation services in Shenzhen exhibits an overall spatial distribution pattern of"low in the west and high in the east".There is an inverse relationship between local spatial clustering and demand levels,indicating that blue-green space planning plays a significant role in cooling effect

关 键 词：热环境 生态系统服务 供需关系 优先级划分 

分 类 号：TU111[建筑科学—建筑理论]