杉木林分密度对套种闽楠树型、光合能力及生物量分配的影响  

Effects of Stand Density of Chinese Fir Plantations on Plantshape,Photosynthetic Capacity,and Biomass Allocation of Phoebe bournei Planting Understory

作　　者：连晓倩 田云龙 黄健 钟兆全 周垂帆[1,2] 黄伟 吴鹏飞 LIAN Xiao-qian;TIAN Yun-long;HUANG Jian;ZHONG Zhao-quan;ZHOU Chui-fan;HUANG Wei;WU Peng-fei(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China;State Forestry Administration Engineering Research Center of Chinese Fir,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian,China;Shunchang State-owned Forest Farm,Shunchang 353200,Fujian,China;Shunchang Forestry Bureau,Shunchang 353200,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350002 [2]国家林业和草原局杉木工程技术研究中心,福建福州350002 [3]顺昌县国有林场,福建顺昌353200 [4]顺昌县林业局,福建顺昌353200

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2024年第5期13-22,共10页Forest Research

基　　金：十四五国家重点研发计划课题“杉木人工林近自然改造技术”(2021YFD2201304)资助。

摘　　要：[目的]通过探讨不同林分密度杉木林下套种闽楠的树型结构、光合作用及生物量分配的适应性变化规律,为杉木近成熟林林分质量精准改造与提升提供科学依据。[方法]选择21年生杉木人工林为研究对象,通过设置375株·hm^(-2)、570株·hm^(-2)、630株·hm^(-2)和810株·hm^(-2)等4个间伐保留密度处理,分别进行林下套种900株·hm^(-2)闽楠形成杉阔复层林,测定分析林下套种5 a后闽楠冠型、侧枝长度、分枝角、叶片形态、叶绿素荧光参数、SPAD值,以及侧枝、茎干和叶片不同器官生物量等主要适应性生长指标的差异,探讨林分密度对林下套种闽楠树冠形态特性、光合能力及生物量分配的影响规律。[结果]低林分密度(375株·hm^(-2)和570株·hm^(-2))杉木下套种的闽楠2级侧枝长、1级和2级侧枝密度大于810株·hm^(-2)林分密度处理。闽楠叶片的叶面积、比叶面积表现出随着杉木林分密度增加而增加,其中,杉木林分密度375株·hm^(-2)的叶面积、比叶面积显著小于杉木林分密度810株·hm^(-2),相差80.97 cm^(2)和10.43 cm^(2)·g-1;810株·hm^(-2)林分密度处理下,闽楠叶片的叶绿素荧光参数和SPAD值均高于375株·hm^(-2)林分密度处理。低林分密度下(375株·hm^(-2)和570株·hm^(-2))套种的闽楠下层树冠叶片、总叶片生物量、以及侧枝和茎干生物量均显著大于810株·hm^(-2)林分密度处理(p<0.05)。375株·hm^(-2)林分密度处理下,闽楠通过增加株高,促进侧枝生物量积累;810株·hm^(-2)林分密度处理下,闽楠减少对株高的投资,从而增加叶片生物量的积累。[结论]在低林分密度(375株·hm^(-2)和570株·hm^(-2))下,林下光照充足有利于闽楠生物量积累,侧枝生长,其生长状况较好;在高林分密度下(630株·hm^(-2)和810株·hm^(-2)),闽楠可通过促使叶片长度变长,增大叶片比叶面积,增加叶片SPAD值,提高光合电子传递速率和光能捕获效率等变化来增强[Objective]To explore the adaptive changes in tree structure,leaf photosynthesis,and biomass allocation patterns of Phoebe bournei underplanted in the stands of different densities of Chinese fir plantations,and to provide scientific basis for precise transformation and improvement of the quality of near-mature Chinese fir.[Methods]Based on 21-year-old Chinese fir plantations with four thinning treatments with residual densities of 375 trees·hm^(-2),570 trees·hm^(-2),630 trees·hm^(-2),and 810 trees·hm^(-2)900 trees·hm^(-2) of P.bournei were underplanted in the Chinese fir stands to form a multilayer-mixed forests.The differences in growth indices,such as crown shape,side branch length,branching angle,leaf morphology,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,SPAD value,and root,stem,and leaf biomass of various organs,were analyzed to explore the effects of residual stand density of Chinese fir on the growth patterns of P.bournei.[Results]In the stands of Chinese fir plantation with densities 375 trees·hm^(-2) and 570 tree·hm^(-2),the lengths of secondary side branches,the densities with first and secondary side branches of P.bournei were significantly larger than stands with 810 trees·hm^(-2) density.Leaf area and specific leaf area of P.bournei.leaves showed an increase with increasing density of Chinese fir.In the stand with density 375 trees·hm^(-2) of Chinese fir plantation,leaf area,specific leaf area of P.bournei were significantly smaller than 810 trees·hm^(-2) density treatments,with a difference of 80.97 cm^(2) and 10.43 cm^(2)·g-1.In the stand with density 810 trees·hm^(-2) of Chinese fir plantation,Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and SPAD values of P.bournei were higher than 375 trees·hm^(-2) density treatments.Low stand density(375 trees·hm^(-2) and 570 trees·hm^(-2)),lower canopy foliage total leaf biomass,and lateral and stem biomass of P.bournei were significantly higher than those of stand with 810 tree·hm^(-2).In the stand with density 375 trees·hm^(-2),lateral branch biomass was in

关 键 词：杉阔异龄复层林 林下套种 间伐保留密度 侧枝生长 生物量分配格局 

分 类 号：S722.81[农业科学—林木遗传育种]