2%甲维盐乳油对松材线虫病的防效测定  

Determination of the Control Effect of 2% Emamectin Benzoate Emulsifiable Concentrate on Pine Wood Nematode Disease

作　　者：徐勇[1] 陈虹宇 徐正梅 余仲东[1] XU Yong;CHEN Hong-yu;XU Zheng-mei;YU Zhong-dong(College of Forestry,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100;College of Life Sciences,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2024年第5期116-123,共8页Forest Research

基　　金：2%甲维盐乳油(松高飞)对松材线虫病的防效测定(K4040121197)资助。

摘　　要：[目的]为测试2%甲维盐乳油(商品名:松高飞)对松材线虫病的防治效果。[方法]首先通过室内浸渍法比较了2%甲维盐乳油和2%甲维盐微乳剂(商品名:林源松韵)的杀线活性,然后在温室和林间通过树干注射测试了2%甲维盐乳油对松材线虫病的防治效果,最后通过高效液相色谱法测定了不同时间、不同松树体内甲维盐的含量变化。[结果]室内浸渍法结果显示,2%甲维盐乳油具有更强的杀线活性,LC_(50)为41.808 mg·L^(-1),显著低于2%甲维盐微乳剂的75.959 mg·L^(-1)(p<0.05)。温室预防组结果显示,2%甲维盐乳油的预防效果显著,2 a后松树无死亡。温室治疗组结果显示,2%甲维盐乳油治疗时间越早,治疗效果越好;2 a后,接种线虫后7 d注药治疗组,松树无死亡;而30 d后注药治疗组,白皮松、无死亡,油松死亡率为20%,华山松死亡率为40%。林间的试验显示2%甲维盐乳油在两块林地的防治效果显著,其试验组马尾松林2 a累计死亡率分别为2%和5%,远低于对照组马尾松死亡率20%和25%。随着时间变化,不同松树体内甲维盐变化有所差异,华山松体内平均甲维盐含量最高(36.59 mg·kg^(-1)),油松最低(27.11 mg·kg^(-1))。注射后15 d内,所有松树体内甲维盐含量均上升;15 d后,华山松树干中部甲维盐含量逐渐升高,60 d的含量最高;而油松、白皮松树干内甲维盐含量逐渐降低并趋平。[结论]2%甲维盐乳油对松材线虫具有显著的杀线活性,温室和林间防治效果显著,在不同松树体内传输和存留效果良好,无明显药害,可以进一步推广使用。[Target]To explore the control effect of 2%emamectin benzoate emulsifiable concentrate(trade name:‘Songgaofei’)on pine wilt disease,[Methods]this study first compared the nematicidal activity of 2%emamectin benzoate emulsifiable concentrate and 2%emamectin benzoate microemulsion(trade name:‘Linyuan Songyun’)through the indoor immersion method;Then,the control effect of‘Songgaofei’on pine wilt disease was tested through trunk injection in the greenhouses and in the forest fields;Finally,the content of emamectin benzoate(abv.EB)in pine trees at different time points was determined by highperformance liquid chromatography(HPLC).[Results]The results of the indoor immersion method showed that‘Songgaofei’had stronger nematicidal activity,with an LC50 of 41.808 mg/L,which was significantly lower than the 75.959 mg/L of‘Linyuan Songyun’(p<0.05).In the prevention group,‘Songgaofei’displayed good protection results with no pine death of nemantode after 2 years;However,in the treatment group,the earlier the treatment was conducted,the better the treatment effect was;all the pine trees did not die when injection‘Songgaofei’7 days after inoculation of nemantode,while in the group injected‘Songgaofei’30 days after inoculation,P.tabuliformis had a mortality rate of 20%,and P.armandii had a mortality rate of 40%,other than no death of Pinus bungeana.Field experiments in two sites showed that the control effects of‘Songgaofei’were significant,with the 2-year cumulative mortality rates of P.massoniana in the experimental group being 2% and 5%,much lower than the control groups mortality rates of 20% and 25%,respectively.Residue levels of‘Songgaofei’in different pine species changed with time,the average content(36.59 mg·kg^(-1))in P.armandii was the highest,and the P.tabuliformis(27.11 mg·kg^(-1))is the lowest.Within15 days after injection,the residue of‘Songgaofei’in all pine species increased.After 15 days,the residue of‘Songgaofei’in all parts of tree trunk gradually decreased a

关 键 词：松材线虫病 甲维盐 杀线活性 防治效果 药物残留 

分 类 号：S763.1[农业科学—森林保护学]