土施调理剂联合叶喷阻隔剂下镉污染水田的安全利用效果  

Effects of safe utilization of cadmium-contaminated paddy field under soil conditioners combined with foliar barrier agents

作　　者：唐乐斌 黄凤艳 吴辰润 董心月 周子寒 宋波[1,2] TANG Lebin;HUANG Fengyan;WU Chenrun;DONG Xinyue;ZHOU Zihan;SONG Bo(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广西桂林541004 [2]桂林理工大学岩溶地区水污染控制与用水安全保障协同创新中心,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2024年第10期2288-2295,共8页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52230006);农用地安全利用联合攻关区建设项目(KWCD5C2022028)。

摘　　要：为明确土施调理剂联合叶喷阻隔剂对水稻镉(Cd)吸收的影响,本研究采用田间小区试验,选用生石灰(Li)、硅肥(Si)、钙镁磷肥(CaMg-P)和钙硅碱性调理剂(Ca-Si)为土壤调理剂,流体硅(Si-l)和螯合硒(Se)为叶面阻隔剂,探究不同技术集成模式下稻株Cd累积的差异。结果表明:相较于对照处理,不同处理下土壤pH值提升0.50~0.86个单位,土壤DTPA-Cd含量显著降低(P<0.05),降幅为30.1%~41.2%;除处理T6(Li+Se)和T8(CaMg-P+Se)外,其余处理较CK处理稻谷产量提高0.44%~7.85%。与CK相比,不同联合调控措施下根、茎、叶、穗轴和糙米Cd含量显著降低(P<0.05),所有处理的糙米Cd含量均低于《食品安全国家标准》(GB 2762-2022)中糙米Cd限值(0.2 mg·kg^(-1)),且以处理T6(Li+Se)降Cd效果最佳,糙米Cd含量由0.501 mg·kg^(-1)降至0.123 mg·kg^(-1)。综合Cd转运系数TF_(茎叶-糙米)、TF_(根-糙米)及经济效益结果,土施生石灰联合叶喷螯合硒是镉污染稻田安全利用的一种可行技术模式,在中度Cd污染农田可实现稻米安全生产和农户增收。To clarify the effects of soil conditioners combined with foliar barrier agents on the absorption and accumulation of Cd in rice,the technical mode of soil application combined with leaf spray to control Cd uptake in rice was discussed.In the plot experiment,quicklime(Li),silicon fertilizer(Si),calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer(CaMg-P)and calcium-silicone alkaline conditioner(Ca-Si)were used as soil conditioners,and fluid silicon(Si-l)and chelated selenium(Se)were used as foliar barrier agents to explore the differences in Cd accumulation in rice plants under different technology integration modes.The results showed that compared with the control treatment,the soil pH value increased by 0.50-0.86 units under different treatments,and the soil DTPA-Cd content decreased significantly(P<0.05),with a decrease of 30.1%-41.2%.Except for T6(Li+Se)and T8(CaMg-P+Se),the yield of other treatments was increased by 0.44%-7.85%compared with CK treatment.Compared with CK,the Cd content of roots,stems,leaves,rachises and brown rice was significantly reduced under different combined control measures(P<0.05),and the Cd content of brown rice was lower than the national safety standard(0.2 mg·kg^(-1)),and the best Cd reduction effect of T6(Li+Se)treatment was 0.501 mg·kg^(-1) decreased to 0.123 mg·kg^(-1).Based on TFhaulm-brownrice and TFroots-brownrice economic benefits,soil application of quicklime combined with leaf spraying selenium chelation was a feasible technical model for the safe utilization of cadmium-contaminated paddy field,which can realize the safe production of rice and increase the income of farmers in moderate Cd polluted fields.

关 键 词：水稻 联合调控 Cd污染农田 安全利用 成本效益分析 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]