微污染湖泊水体植物-微生物协同修复技术  

Plant-microbe synergistic remediation of a micro-polluted lake

作　　者：李世汩 陈文峰 冯立辉 徐扬帆 郑娇莉 黄小龙 LI Shigu;CHEN Wenfeng;FENG Lihui;XU Yangfan;ZHENG Jiaoli;HUANG Xiaolong(CCCC Second Harbour Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430040,China;Key Laboratory of Large-span Bridge Construction Technology,Wuhan 430040,China;Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Scicnces,Wuhan 430064,China;Yangtze River Basin Ecological Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center,Yangtze River Basin Ecological Environment Supervision and Administration Bureau,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]中交第二航务工程局有限公司,武汉430040 [2]长大桥梁建设施工技术交通行业重点实验室,武汉430040 [3]湖北省生物农药工程研究中心,武汉430064 [4]生态环境部长江流域生态环境监督管理局生态环境监测与科学研究中心,武汉430010

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2024年第10期2384-2392,共9页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3204305)。

摘　　要：针对雨水溢流引起的水体微污染的修复,本研究建立了室内微模型模拟雨水溢流污染水体,分别采用投加复合脱氮菌剂、复合脱氮菌剂+镁改性麦饭石,以及复合脱氮菌剂+生态颗粒的方法进行处理,探究不同处理方式对水质、沉水植物苦草及底泥微生物菌群的影响。研究发现,菌剂的投加能够加速微污染水体的修复,同时投加镁改性麦饭石及生态颗粒,能够提升水体氨氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)、总氮(TN)和化学需氧量(COD)的去除率,并促进苦草生长,其中镁改性麦饭石对苦草与微生物的耦合脱氮促生效果最优。复合脱氮菌剂单独投加,或同时投加镁改性麦饭石或生态颗粒,对底泥细菌群落α多样性影响均不显著。FAPROTAX功能预测表明,Anaerolineaceae等异养硝化-好氧反硝化细菌是苦草与微生物耦合脱氮的主导底泥微生物,镁改性麦饭石及生态颗粒有利于底泥菌群向微生物脱氮功能菌群结构演变,通过植物和微生物协同作用,两处理分别增加苦草叶长26.5%、11.8%,增加根长45.2%、35.5%。To remediate the problem of micro-polluted lake water induced by rainwater overflow,an micro-model was established to simulate the micro-pollution process in lake water.Three different remediation treatments were tested:a composite denitrifying agent alone and in combination with Mg-modified maifan stone or ecological particles.The influence of the different treatments on water quality,submerged plants(Vallisneria),and sediment microbial communities was assessed.The results showed that the composite denitrifying bacterial agent accelerated the restoration of water bodies.The simultaneous addition of either Mg-modified maifan stone or ecological composite particles improved the removal of NH_(4)^(+)-N,TN,and COD from water bodies.Compared with deintrifying agent alone or denitrifying agent plus ecological particles,the denitrifying agent plus Mg-modified maifan stone performed best in terms of removal of coupling nitrogen removal and promotion of Vallisneria growth.The alpha diversity of the sediment bacterial community was not significantly affected by the addition of any of the three treatments.The FAPROTAX function prediction showed that the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrifying bacteria,such as Anaerolineaceae,were the dominant sediment microorganisms in the plant-microbe synergistic nitrogen removal process.The combined dosage of composite nitrogen-removing bacteria agents and Mg-modified maifan stone or the ecological particles could accelerate the development of the microbial community.Under the synergistic effect of plants and microorganisms,the leaf length of Vallisneria increased by 26.5%and 11.8%,and the root length increased by 45.2%and 35.5%,respectively.

关 键 词：微污染水 脱氮菌剂 苦草 协同修复 麦饭石 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X17