Twin studies as an innovative approach to address research questions in cancer care within primary care settings  

作　　者：Monalisha Sahu 

机构地区：[1]Department of Occupational Health,All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health,Kolkata,India [2]Department of Preventive&Social Medicine,All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health,Kolkata,India

出　　处：《Family Medicine and Community Health》2024年第S02期58-62,共5页家庭医学与社区卫生（英文）

摘　　要：This paper proposes the utilisation of twin studies as a novel and powerful methodological approach to investigate critical research questions pertaining to cancer prevention,screening,diagnosis,treatment and survivorship within primary care contexts.The inherent genetic similarity between monozygotic(MZ)(identical)twins provides a unique opportunity to disentangle genetic and environmental influences on cancer-related outcomes.MZ twins share virtually identical genetic makeup,offering a unique opportunity to discern the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to cancer-related outcomes.In contrast,dizygotic(DZ)twins,also known as fraternal twins,develop from two separate eggs fertilised by two different sperm and share on average 50%of their genetic material,the same level of genetic similarity found in non-twin siblings.Comparisons between MZ and DZ twins enable researchers to disentangle hereditary factors from shared environmental influences.This methodology has the potential to advance our understanding of the multifaceted interplay between genetic predisposition,lifestyle factors and healthcare interventions in the context of cancer care.This paper outlines the rationale,design considerations and potential applications of twin studies in primary care-based cancer research.

关 键 词：PREVENTION identical SIMILARITY 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]