基于局域共振型声子晶体点缺陷态特性的低频振动能量回收研究  

Study on low-frequency vibration energy harvesting based on point defect state characteristics of locally resonant phononic crystals

作　　者：黄子龙 郑超禹 温晓东 HUANG Zilong;ZHENG Chaoyu;WEN Xiaodong(School of Mathematics and Physics,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures,NanjingUniversity,Nanjing 210093,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学数理学院,兰州730070 [2]南京大学固体微结构物理国家重点实验室,南京210093

出　　处：《兰州交通大学学报》2024年第5期149-156,164,共9页Journal of Lanzhou Jiaotong University

基　　金：甘肃省青年科技基金(21JR7RA338);固体微结构物理国家重点实验室开放课题(M37066)。

摘　　要：针对环境中广泛存在的低频振动控制问题,设计了一种二维三组元的新型局域共振型声子晶体结构。将完美声子晶体结构中一个单胞替换为压电材料以形成点缺陷结构,利用有限元方法对缺陷带的能量局域化特性进行了仿真研究,并探究了超胞大小和缺陷位置对能量回收性能的影响。研究表明,在能量回收系统中引入局域共振型声子晶体结构,可以显著提高系统的能量回收性能;当超胞结构的大小满足足够的周期性时,利用缺陷态回收的振动能量逐渐趋于稳定并达到最大值;在给定的超胞结构中,存在一个最优的缺陷位置,使得系统的振动能量回收性能达到最佳。对于最优的5×7超胞结构,在252.9 Hz处产生的最大峰-峰值电压为243.5 mV,是相同大小的环氧树脂裸板结构在同一频率处产生的输出电压0.64 mV的380倍。该研究结果可为低频弹性波的调控和解决低功耗仪器的自供电提供理论参考。In response to the widespread issue of low-frequency vibration control in the environment,a novel two-dimensional three-component locally resonant phononic crystal structure is designed.A perfect phononic crystal structure is modified by replacing one unit cell with a piezoelectric material to create a point defect structure.The energy localization characteristics of the defect band are simulated using the finite element method,and the effects of supercell size and defect position on energy harvesting performance are investigated.The research indicates that introducing a locally resonant phononic crystal structure into the energy harvesting system can significantly enhance its energy harvesting performance.When the size of the supercell structure meets sufficient periodicity,the vibrational energy harvested from defect states gradually stabilizes and reaches a maximum value.Within a given supercell structure,there exists an optimal defect position that maximizes the system's vibrational energy harvesting performance.For the optimal 5×7supercell structure,the maximum peak-to-peak voltage generated at 252.9Hz is 243.5mV,which is 380times higher than the output voltage of 0.64mV produced by an epoxy resin bare board structure of the same size at the same frequency.These research findings provide theoretical references for the manipulation of lowfrequency elastic waves and self-powering of low-power instruments.

关 键 词：局域共振 声子晶体 缺陷态 低频振动能量回收 

分 类 号：TB535.1[理学—物理]