岩溶洞穴温度与当地多年平均气温的关系研究——以云南普者黑排龙洞为例  

Relationship between temperatures of karst caves and local average temperatures:Taking Pailong cave of Puzhehei,Yunnan as an example

作　　者：杨明凤 殷建军[1] YANG Mingfeng;YIN Jianjun(Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics,MNR&GZAR/Institute of Karst Geology,CAGS,Guilin,Guangxi 541004,China;School of Geography and Resources,Guizhou Education University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550018,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部、广西岩溶动力学重点实验室/中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,广西桂林541004 [2]贵州师范学院地理与资源学院,贵州贵阳550018

出　　处：《中国岩溶》2024年第4期780-795,共16页Carsologica Sinica

基　　金：桂林岩溶地质广西野外科学观测研究站科研能力建设项目(桂科23-026-274);中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所基本科研业务费项目(2021002)。

摘　　要：一般而言,岩溶洞穴温度等于当地多年平均气温,但实际监测中发现,不同地区洞穴温度与当地多年平均气温的关系并不一致。为更好地认识岩溶洞穴温度与当地多年平均气温的关系,对云南普者黑排龙洞洞穴内部及洞口温湿度进行连续高频监测,发现平均温度呈现洞穴内部>洞外>洞口的空间特征。洞口温度主要受洞穴通风效应影响,而洞穴内部温度则主要受到温度和降水的季节分布影响。结合我国已探究洞穴的洞穴内部温度与洞外气温进行比较分析得出:就大的空间尺度而言,洞穴温度同当地多年平均气温一样都与纬度呈现显著的负相关,而洞内外温差与纬度呈现显著的正相关关系。通过分析不同区域气象数据发现,洞内外温差的变化与当地暖季(4-10月)温度距平显著相关,暖季时间越长,暖季温度距平越大,洞内外温差越大。另外,雨季的时间分布同样会影响随滴水输入到洞穴的热量变化。因此,认识到中国洞穴洞内外的温度差主要受控于当地热量的分布。这项工作将有利于我们更好的认识岩溶洞穴环境。Generally speaking,temperatures of karst caves are comparable to local annual average temperatures.However,the actual monitoring has found that the relationship between cave temperatures and local annual average temperatures varies in different regions.To understand the relationship between these two kinds of temperature,we monitored the temperatures of Pailong cave in Puzhehei,Yunnan Province,Southwest China.Our high-resolution monitoring discovered higher temperatures within the cave compared to the local annual average temperatures and the temperatures at the cave entrance.Temperatures at cave entrance were primarily affected by ventilation,while temperatures inside the cave were influenced by seasonal temperatures and precipitation.The monitoring revealed a stronger effect of ventilation in winter and a weaker one in summer at the cave entrance.Additionally,monthly temperatures exceeded local annual temperatures from April to October,and fell below them from November to March,indicating that longer and effective heat import and less heat loss led to higher temperatures inside the cave.Rainfall during the rainy season(May to October)formed a fast flow into the cave and transfers heat,further increasing cave temperatures.Thus,longer and effective heat import,less heat loss,and rainfall-induced heat import resulted in higher cave temperatures than local annual average temperatures.To validate our hypothesis,we collected 48 published data on cave temperatures from China and analyzed the temperature differences inside and outside the cave.Generally,the difference is positive in the north of the Yangtze River and negative in the south.It is positive in the east of longitude 110°E and negative in the west.Correlation analysis between cave temperatures and other influencing factors such as latitude,longitude,altitude,bedrock depth,and overlying vegetation index shows that there is a significant negative correlation between cave temperatures and factors of latitude,altitude,and overlying vegetation index.The same is

关 键 词：岩溶洞穴 洞穴温度 洞内外温差 空间差异 暖季温度距平 

分 类 号：P642.25[天文地球—工程地质学]