创新扩散理论视域下专利开放许可的适用与展开  

Application and Expansion of Patent Open Licensing under the Perspective of Innovation Diffusion Theory

作　　者：蒋建湘[1] 朱园伟 JIANG Jianxiang;ZHU Yuanwei

机构地区：[1]中南大学法学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》2024年第5期76-86,共11页Journal of Social Science of Hunan Normal University

基　　金：湖南省智库专项重大委托项目“创新驱动背景下加强湖南高校知识产权转化运营的对策和建议”(18ZWA08)。

摘　　要：随着《专利法实施细则》与《专利审查指南》的修订,我国专利开放许可制度得以全面实施。两年的试点工作为解决专利开放许可制度中的专利定价、平台运营及年费减免问题积累了成功经验。在创新扩散理论视域下,创新要素可作为开放专利市场价值的评判依据,多元化、动态化的创新要素决定了专利权人可采用算法推荐性及浮动性定价模式。以大众传播与人际传播为内容的创新传播媒介可充当开放许可信息平台进行创新扩散的主要方式。其中,可通过新型算法匹配机制实现供需两端的高效对接,同时增设用户反馈模块及线下动员方式实现同质化沟通,提高潜在专利实施者对开放专利的认可。创新思维理论表明公共政策对专利权人的激励无须及于全体,而应集中于更具冒险精神的创新接纳者,意味着额度递减的年费减免方式相较于固定额度减免,在早期可以达到更高效的激励效应,后期可实现对无价值开放专利的剔除,整体上更具效益。Following the release of the“Patent Implementation Regulations”and the“Patent Examination Guidelines”,China s open patent licensing system has been fully implemented.Two years of pilot work in various provinces have accumulated successful experience in patent pricing,platform operation,and annual fee reduction within the open patent licensing system.According to innovation diffusion theory,innovation elements can serve as a basis for evaluating the value of the open patent market.The diversified and dynamic nature of these elements allows patent holders to adopt algorithmic recommendation and floating pricing models.Media for innovation diffusion,including mass communication and interpersonal communication,can serve as the main channels for disseminating information on open licenses.Through new algorithmic matching mechanisms,efficient connections between supply and demand can be achieved,while adding user feedback modules and offline mobilization methods can enhance homogenized communication and increase potential patent implementers recognition of open patents.Innovation thinking theory suggests that public policy incentives for patent holders should focus on more adventurous innovation adopters rather than the entire population.This means that a degressive annual fee reduction method is more effective in providing early-stage incentives compared to fixed-amount reductions.This approach can eliminate low-value open patents in the later stages,resulting in greater overall benefits.

关 键 词：专利开放许可 成果转化 许可费 创新扩散 创新激励 

分 类 号：D923.42[政治法律—民商法学]