露天矿爆破地震波传播规律  

Seismic Wave Propagation Law of Blasting in Open Pit Mines

作　　者：巩瑞杰 袁腾 叶会师 黄汉波 闫鹏 GONG Rui-jie;YUAN Teng;YE Hui-shi;HUANG Han-bo;YAN Peng(Sijiaying Yanshan Iron Mine Co.,Ltd.,Hebei Iron&Steel Group,Tangshan Hebei 063700,China;College of Mining Engineering,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan Hebei 063210,China)

机构地区：[1]河北钢铁集团司家营研山铁矿有限公司,河北唐山063700 [2]华北理工大学矿业工程学院,河北唐山063210

出　　处：《华北理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期59-65,共7页Journal of North China University of Science and Technology：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：河北省教育厅在读研究生创新能力培养资助项目(CXZZBS2023124):露天矿爆破地震波特性及预测。

摘　　要：以某露天矿生产爆破为例,通过现场试验、回归分析以及小波包分析相结合的方法,分析了露天矿爆破地震波传播规律。在分析爆破地震波沿边坡传播规律的基础上,采用回归拟合方法获得了该矿山爆破地震波衰减规律的场地系数K值与衰减指数α值;采用小波包分析方法研究了在不同药量下,爆破振动信号在不同能量频带的分布情况。研究结果表明:坡顶处水平径向、水平切向以及垂直方向的爆破振动速度明显大于坡脚处,且随高程不断增大,三个方向的爆破振动速度均表现出先减小后增大的变化规律;爆破振动速度的大小与总药量密切相关,随总药量增加,爆破振动信号的不同频带能量在水平径向、水平切向以及垂直方向上均显示出增大趋势,且低频段内信号所占比例不断增大,爆破振动的主频带则由高频带向低频带发展趋势。该研究结果为同类型矿山的爆破作业提供了一定的实践指导,有助于优化爆破参数并推动矿山爆破技术的发展。The propagation characteristics of seismic waves in open pit blasting are analyzed using field tests,regression analysis,and wavelet packet analysis.Regression fitting is used to determine the site coefficient K value and attenuation indexαvalue for the law of seismic wave attenuation in mines based on the analysis of wave propagation along slopes.Wavelet packet analysis is employed to study the distribution of blasting vibration signals across different energy bands at varying doses.The results indicate that the velocity of blasting vibrations at the top of a slope is significantly higher than at the bottom,with velocities decreasing and then increasing with elevation.The magnitude of blasting vibration velocity is closely related to the total amount of explosive,leading to an increase in energy across different frequency bands and a continuous rise in low-frequency band signals as explosives increase.

关 键 词：爆破振动信号 振速 萨道夫斯基公式 小波包分析 

分 类 号：TQ172.18[化学工程—水泥工业]