甘肃酒泉地区十二种蝗虫雄性外生殖器比较研究  

A comparative study of male external genitalia among twelve species of grasshoppers(Orthoptera:Acridoidea)from Jiuquan Area,Gansu,northwestern China

作　　者：王兴铎 郑成卓 董子信 刘恒亮 付连海 钱秀娟 WANG Xing-Duo;ZHENG Cheng-Zhuo;DONG Zi-Xin;LIU Heng-Liang;FU Lian-Hai;QIAN Xiu-Juan(Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province,College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,甘肃省农作物病虫害生物防治工程实验室,兰州730070

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2024年第9期1239-1250,共12页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技基础资源调查专项(2019FY100400)。

摘　　要：【目的】为了准确鉴定甘肃酒泉地区草地蝗虫种类,明确蝗虫雄性外生殖器在分类中的关键特征及指标。【方法】通过解剖比较研究了采自甘肃酒泉草地的12种蝗虫成虫雄性外生殖器结构,分属3科7属,具体为:斑腿蝗科(Catantopidae)稻蝗属Oxya中华稻蝗Oxya chinensis和无齿稻蝗O.adentata;斑翅蝗科(Oedipodidae)小车蝗属Oedaleus红胫小车蝗Oedaleus manjius和黄胫小车蝗O.infernalis,尖翅蝗属Epacromius大垫尖翅蝗Epacromius coerulipes和小垫尖翅蝗E.tergestinus tergestinus,束颈蝗属Sphingonotus宁夏束颈蝗Sphingonotus ningsianus和盐池束颈蝗S.yenchihensis,胫刺蝗属Compsorhipis大胫刺蝗Compsorhipis davidiana;网翅蝗科(Arcypteridae)雏蝗属Chorthippus华北雏蝗Chorthippus brunneus huabeiensis和白纹雏蝗C.albonemus,异爪蝗属Euchorthippus素色异爪蝗Euchorthippus unicolor,并对雄性外生殖器的8项指标进行主成分分析。【结果】斑腿蝗科稻蝗属阳具基背片桥狭,且无锚状突,阳具复合体色带连片较宽,其余10种蝗虫阳具基背片桥宽,均具锚状突,阳具复合体色带连片较窄;斑翅蝗科阳具复合体阳茎基瓣宽圆形,而网翅蝗科阳具复合体阳茎基瓣为钩状;冠突的形状在各属之间变化显著。12种蝗虫雄性外生殖器8项指标的主成分分析结果表明,特征值大于1.00的有2个主成分,即第1主成分和第2主成分;第1主成分的主要组分包括锚状突外侧间距、后突外侧间距、锚状突内侧间距、锚状突高、两锚状突间距和桥宽,第2主成分的主组分为阳具复合体长宽比,两者总贡献率为78.27%。【结论】蝗虫的雄性外生殖器在科、属、种之间具有明显的差异,可以用雄性外生殖器准确区分酒泉地区12种草地蝗虫;区分这12种蝗虫时,锚状突的相对位置、后突间距、桥宽和阳具复合体的大小是主要指标。【Aim】To clarify the key characteristics and indexes of male external genitalia of grasshoppers for accurately identifying the grasshoppers in grasslands of the Jiuquan Area of Gansu,northwestern China.【Methods】We dissected and compared the structure of male external genitalia of adults of 12 species of grasshoppers collected from grasslands of Jiuquan,Gansu,which belong to seven genera of three families(Oxya chinensis and O.adentata of Oxya of Catantopidae;Oedaleus manjius and O.infernalis of Oedaleus,Epacromius coerulipes and E.tergestinus tergestinus of Epacromius,Sphingonotusningsianus and S.yenchihensis of Sphingonotus,Compsorhipis davidiana of Compsorhipis of Oedipodidae;Chorthippus brunneus huabeiensis and C.albonemus of Chorthippus,and Euchorthippus unicolor of Euchorthippus of Arcypteridae).And we analyzed eight indexes of male external genitalia by principal component analysis.【Results】The epiphalli of the genus Oxya in the family Catantopidae are narrow bridge-shaped and have no ancorae,and the zygomata of phallic complex are very wide,while the epiphalli of the other 10 species of grasshoppers were wide bridge-shaped and have ancorae,and the zygomata of phallic complex are narrow.The basal vaves of penis of phallic complex in Oedipodidae are wide and round,but in Arcypteridae,they are hook-shaped.About the shape of lophi,it varies significantly among different genera.In addition,the principal component analysis of eight indexes of male externul genitalia of 12 species of grasshoppers showed that there were two principal components with the eigenvalues greater than 1.00,which were the 1st principal component and the 2nd principal component,respectively,with a total contribution rate up to 78.27%.The main components of the 1st principal component included the outer distance of ancorae,the outer distance of posterior projection,the inner distance of ancorae,the height of ancorae,the distance between the two ancoraes,and the width of bridge,and the main component of the 2nd principal component

关 键 词：直翅目 蝗总科 蝗虫 分类 形态 雄性外生殖器 主成分分析 

分 类 号：Q969[生物学—昆虫学]