全龄人工饲料育与桑叶育蚕茧质量及生丝性能比较  

Comparison of cocoon quality and raw silk performance between coccons produced from whole instar artificial diet and mulberry leave reared silkworm

作　　者：姜可欣 毛迎 潘梦瑶 吕汪洋[1,2] 江文斌 JIANG Kexin;MAO Ying;PAN Mengyao;L Wangyang;JIANG Wenbin(College of Textile Science and Engineering(International Institute of Silk),Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310018,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学纺织科学与工程学院(国际丝绸学院),浙江杭州310018 [2]纺织纤维材料与加工技术国家地方联合工程实验室,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《纺织学报》2024年第10期16-22,共7页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家蚕桑产业技术体系建设专项资助项目(CARS-18-ZJ0502)。

摘　　要：为探究不同饲育方式对蚕茧质量、生丝品质及生丝结构与性能的影响,采用单因素方差分析,考察全龄人工饲料育蚕茧与桑叶育蚕茧各项性能指标的差异显著性,并进行对比分析。结果表明:在外观形态方面,全龄人工饲料育与桑叶育蚕茧的外观均为椭圆形,桑叶育蚕茧的茧幅较大;在蚕茧质量方面,全龄人工饲料育蚕茧全茧质量和茧层质量较低,但茧层率较高;生丝品质方面,全龄人工饲料育蚕茧的茧丝长和解舒率低于桑叶育蚕茧,万米吊糙次数高于桑叶育蚕茧,影响缫丝过程中生丝的产量和质量;另外,是否工厂化养蚕也会对全龄人工饲料育蚕茧的蚕茧质量、生丝品质产生影响,工厂化全龄人工饲料育蚕茧的综合性能优于非工厂化全龄人工饲料育蚕茧;在生丝结构与性能方面,全龄人工饲料育生丝含胶率较高,通过丝胶的黏附作用,全龄人工饲料育生丝表面的各根茧丝黏合更紧密,且生丝的二级结构没有明显不同。Objective In recent years,China has made substantial progress in the research and development in silkworms artificial diet and the innovation of breeding technology.Many researchers studied on using artificial diet in the young instars and applying mulberry leaves in the last larval instars,focusing on the growth and cocoon quality of silkwormsbut with little attention on the raw silk.Therefore,it is necessary to study the cocoon quality,silk quality and raw silk performance of silkworms reared with artificial diet in whole instar.Method The study was carried out by using different origins of silkworm cocoons(silkworm cocoons reared with mulberry leaves of Chunan and Haian,non-factory silkworm cocoons reared with artificial diet in whole instar,and factory silkworm cocoons reared with artificial diet in whole instar)reared with artificial diet and mulberry leaves in whole instar.We tested cocoon width to observe the appearance and morphology.Through reeling,we calculated the number of rushing upon cocoons per myriameter,reelability percentage.Then,the degumming experiment of raw silk was carried out to calculate the gum content of raw silk as well as mechanical performance evaluation.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were adopted to characterize the microscopic morphology of raw silk and analysis.In addition,the experimental results were compared by one-way analysis of variance.Results In terms of appearance,the cocoons of silkworm reared with artificial diet and mulberry leaves in whole instar are oval,and the cocoons of silkworm reared with artificial diet in whole instar are smaller but more orderly.In terms of cocoon quality and silk quality,silkworm cocoons reared with artificial diet in whole instar have a slightly lower amount of total cocoon weight and cocoon shell weight,which is related to the fact that after the silkworms feed with artificial diet,their ingestion is not as good as that of mulberry leaves-breeding silkworms,but the rate of cocoon

关 键 词：人工饲料 工厂化养蚕 蚕茧质量 生丝性能 

分 类 号：TS102.3[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]