聚酯织物的直接氟修饰疏水改性及其作用机制  

Hydrophobic modification and mechanism of polyester fabrics with direct fluorine modification

作　　者：宇平 王海跃 汪毅 孙钦超 王彦[3] 胡祖明[3] YU Ping;WANG Haiyue;WANG Yi;SUN Qinchao;WANG Yan;HU Zuming(School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang,Jiangsu 222005,China;Shandong Hualun Advanced Materials Co.,Ltd.,Linyi,Shandong 276600,China;State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏海洋大学环境与化学工程学院,江苏连云港222005 [2]山东华纶新材料有限公司,山东临沂276600 [3]东华大学纤维材料改性国家重点实验室,上海201620

出　　处：《纺织学报》2024年第10期137-144,共8页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：江苏省高校自然科学基金面上项目(22KJB430019);连云港市博士后科研资助项目(LYG20220010);江苏省高校大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202211641178T,202311641099Y,202311641176H)。

摘　　要：为解决传统聚酯纤维分子主链结构中极性酯基导致的疏水性差的问题,提出直接氟修饰策略,以碱性溶液为刻蚀试剂,三氯(1H,1H,2H,2H-十三氟正辛基)硅烷为氟化改性试剂,在温和条件下对聚酯织物表面进行了简单高效的疏水化改性处理。借助红外光谱仪、差示扫描量热仪、热失重分析仪、接触角测试仪、扫描电子显微镜-能谱仪等分别表征了氟改性前后聚酯化学结构、熔点、热稳定性、水接触角以及表面元素分布,同时探究了疏水改性机制。研究结果表明:氟化改性前后聚酯织物具有相似的化学结构和熔点,经过碱性溶液刻蚀的未氟化改性聚酯织物表层刻痕明显;氟化改性聚酯织物表层覆盖氟元素和硅元素,其疏水性大幅提升,水接触角高达(120±5)°,保持1 h后几乎没有变化,同时对有机溶剂仍具高吸附性能;疏水性主要作用机制是含氟功能基团的改性剂以化学键键接的方式接枝在水解后的聚酯织物表面,并产生低表面能效果;基于直接氟化改性方法制备的聚酯织物在海洋大规模油污处理方面具有较高应用潜力。Objective Polyester(PET)fabrics attracted much research attention in textile fields for its high yield and excellent performance.At present,a variety of methods have been developed to modify polyester fibers with antibacterial,flame retardant,electrostatic,and hydrophobic properties.In addition,hydrophobic modification of polyester fiber plays an important part in applications of medical treatment,filtration,separation,and sanitation.However,PET fabrics with many ester linkages are easily hydrophilic,and can be easily polluted,which seriously limits its applications in ocean envrionment.In order to solve the problem of poor hydrophobicity caused by polar ester groups in the main chain structure of polyester fiber,a fluorine modification strategy is proposed.Method The simple and efficient hydrophobic modification of the surface of polyester fabrics was carried out by using alkaline solution as etching reagent and trichlorosilane(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl trichlorosilane)as fluoridation modification reagent.The chemical structure,melting point,thermal stability,contact angle,microstructure morphology,and element distribution on surface were characterized by infrared spectroscopy,differential scanning calorimeter,thermogravimetric analyzer,contact angle tester,and scanning electron microscopy-energy disperse spectroscopy,respectively.Moreover,the possible hydrophobic mechanism was analyzed,and the adsorption experiment of petroleum ether by polyester fabrics was also carried out.Results The results showed that the polyester fabrics demonstrated similar chemical structure and melting point(around 250℃)before and after modification.The high thermal stability of polyester fiber before and after modification was beneficial for the adsorption of oil spill at high temperature.The fluorinated polyester fabrics were successfully modified by perfluorosilane,as evidenced by the increased presence of fluorine elements and silicon elements on the surface of the polyester fiber fabrics.In addition,due to the low surface ener

关 键 词：聚酯织物 氟化改性 疏水织物 油水分离 海洋油污吸附 

分 类 号：TQ342[化学工程—化纤工业]