法国档案工作改革的思想史意义--福柯论档案与权力的谱系  

The Significance of Intellectual History of the Archival Reform in France:Foucault's Theory on Archives and the Genealogy of Power

作　　者：杨光[1] YANGGuang(School of Cultural Heritage and Information Management,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444)

机构地区：[1]上海大学文化遗产与信息管理学院,上海200444

出　　处：《档案学研究》2024年第5期29-35,共7页Archives Science Study

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目“福柯档案思想及其学术价值研究”(23YJC870008)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：本文阐释了福柯对18世纪末法国档案实践的“权力—知识”结构及其历史性影响的思考。法国档案工作改革不仅是世界档案事业史划时代的标志,也是思想史上一个隐微的里程碑。规训权力机制之所以在18世纪末逐渐扩散至整个社会,得益于法国档案工作改革首次建立起一种普遍化的个人档案制度,档案书写网络成为规训扩散的媒介。档案书写技术、档案集合技术和档案个案化技术三种权力技巧实现了“权力—知识”关系的循环,造就了一个不可泯灭的双重历史进程:它不仅使现代“人的科学”的诞生成为可能,而且通过将“人”变成一种知识对象以供权力干预,塑造了一个以知识治理社会的现代统治模式。福柯开创性地将档案现象置于权力的谱系中进行了深刻反思,使法国档案工作改革成为理解现代性的一个重要楔子。This article explains Foucault's reflection on the power-knowledge structure and historical impact of French archival practice at the end of the 18th century.The archival reform in France is not only of epoch-making significance to the history of world archival industry,but also a subtle milestone in the intellectual history.The reason why the disciplinary mechanism gradually spread to the entire society in the late 18th century was that the French archival work reform established a universal personal archival system for the first time,and the archival writing network became the medium for the diffusion of discipline.The writing technique,collection technique and individualization technique of archive have achieved a cycle of the"power-knowledge",creating an indelible dual historical process:It not only makes the birth of modern"human science"possible,but also shapes a modern ruling mode of governing society with knowledge by turning"human"into a knowledge object for power intervention.Foucault creatively put the archival phenomenon in the genealogy of power and made a profound reflection,making the archival reform in France an important ideological thread to understand the modernity.

关 键 词：规训 档案权力 法国档案工作改革 

分 类 号：G279.565[文化科学—档案学]