国际数字人文实践中档案(archive)的语言转向探析  

An Analysis of the Linguistic Turn of Archive in International Digital Humanities Practice

作　　者：龙家庆 LONG Jiaqing(School of Information Resource Management,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学信息资源管理学院,北京100872

出　　处：《档案学研究》2024年第5期132-140,共9页Archives Science Study

基　　金：教育部首批新文科研究与改革实践项目“新兴数字人文专业建设探索与实践”(2021060003);中国人民大学2022年度拔尖创新人才培育资助计划的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：数字人文项目所面向的数字资源通常作为“档案”归档保存,由此产生的概念延展已超出档案学界定范畴。这是档案在数字时代出现语言转向的表现之一,探析该现象有助于弥合双方社群的研究鸿沟。本文采用网络调研和内容分析方法,从国际数字人文奖2012—2022年获奖案例中遴选出全部档案类数字人文项目51例。同时借鉴社会层次分析框架,对案例文本展开编码著录分析,揭示数字人文研究中的档案语言转向现象。经过结构化解析和整理发现三方面显著特征:第一,传统档案术语概念发生拓展,即越来越多的数字产物被称为“档案”;第二,采用档案化的管理方式,即项目采用档案原则或方法进行保存归档;第三,数字人文研究中所抽象出来的档案思维,即为项目创建、运作和产出提供档案理念。研究结果进一步反映出,数字人文推动了档案范式变革,同时档案方法及思维为数字人文项目可持续发展提供参考。The digital resources targeted by digital humanities(DH)projects are usually archived and preserved as"archive".This has led to a conceptual expansion that goes beyond the defined scope of archival science,indicating a linguistic shift in archives in the digital age.Exploring this phenomenon could help bridge the research gap between both communities.Using internet research and content analysis methods,51 cases about archival DH project were selected from the award-winning cases of the International Digital Humanities Award(DHA)from 2012 to 2022.Drawing on the social level analysis framework,this paper conducts coding and descriptive analysis of the cases,revealing the phenomenon of linguistic turn of archive in DH research.Through structured analysis and sorting,three significant characteristics are found:firstly,the concept of traditional archival terminology has expanded,i.e.,an increasing number of digital products referring to themselves as'archive';secondly,the use of archival management methodologies,i.e.,the project adopts archival principles or methods to carry out archiving;thirdly,the archival thinking abstracted from DH research provides ideas for project creation,operation and output.The research results further reflect that DH promotes an archival paradigm shift,while archival methods and thinking provide references for the sustainable development of DH projects.

关 键 词：数字人文 语言转向 档案概念 国际数字人文奖 范式变革 

分 类 号：G250.7[文化科学—图书馆学] G270.7