秸秆全量深翻还田条件下玉米钾素吸收特征及钾肥适宜用量研究  

Potassium Accumulation Characteristics and Suitable Potassium Application Rate of Maize under Full Straw Returning

作　　者：程松 王一莹 刘培兴 张水梅 张畅[1] 刘剑钊[1] 梁尧[1] 袁静超[1] 范围 李晓林 蔡红光[1] CHENG Song;WANG Yi-ying;LIU Pei-xing;ZHANG Shui-mei;ZHANG Chang;LIU Jian-zhao;LIANG Yao;YUAN Jing-chao;FAN Wei;LI Xiao-lin;CAI Hong-guang(Institute of Agricultural Resource and Environment,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Black Soil Conservation and Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China,Changchun 130033;Faculty of Agronomy,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业农村部黑土地保护与利用重点实验室,长春130033 [2]吉林农业大学农学院,长春130118

出　　处：《玉米科学》2024年第8期63-71,共9页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1501101);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-07-G-6);吉林省农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2024ZD016)。

摘　　要：探究长期秸秆全量深翻还田后玉米钾素累积特征及产量变化,探明秸秆全量还田条件下春玉米高产群体钾肥适宜用量。于2017-2019年在吉林省公主岭市和朝阳坡镇进行,主因素为施钾水平,副因素为品种。结果表明,施钾(K_(2)O)45 kg/hm^(2)处理的玉米产量、收获穗数、穗粒数和百粒重均最高,较不施钾肥处理分别增加10.4%、8.3%、9.0%和14.4%。通过数据拟合(y=-0.1375x^(2)+23.594x+11817,R^(2)=0.8732),得出吉林省中部玉米主产区,在多年秸秆全量深翻还田条件下最佳经济钾肥施用量为55.3 kg/hm^(2),对应玉米产量为12700.9 kg/hm^(2)。To investigate the characteristics of potassium accumulation and yield changes in maize after longterm maize straw full deep-turning and returning to the field,in order to provide a theoretical basis for exploring the appropriate amount of potassium fertilizer for high-yielding spring maize populations under full straw returning con⁃ditions.This experiment was conducted in Gongzhuling City and Chaoyangpo Town,Jilin Province from 2017 to 2019 as a two-factor field trial.The main factor was potassium application level,and the secondary factors were maize hybrids,respectively.The results showed that the K45 treatment had the highest yield,number of harvested ears,number of grains and 100-grain weight,which increased by 10.4%,8.3%,9.0%and 14.4%,respectively,com⁃pared with the treatment without potassium fertilization.By fitting the data with a quadratic equation(y=-0.1375x^(2)+23.594x+11817,R^(2)=0.8732),it was found that the optimal economic potassium fertilizer application rate in the cen⁃tral maize-producing area of Jilin Province under the condition of long-term full-straw returning is 55.3 kg/ha,cor⁃responding to a yield of 12700.9 kg/ha.

关 键 词：春玉米 秸秆全量还田 子粒产量 钾肥用量 钾素吸收量 

分 类 号：S513.062[农业科学—作物学]