1株耐低温玉米秸秆纤维素降解真菌的分离与鉴定  

Isolation and Identification of a Low Temperature-tolerant Maize Stalk Cellulose-Degrading Fungus

作　　者：李娜[1] 王迪[1] 任翠梅[1] 芮海英[1] 于吉东[1] 杨柳[1] LI Na;WANG Di;REN Cui-mei;RUI Hai-ying;YU Ji-dong;YANG Liu(Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Daqing 163316,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院大庆分院,黑龙江大庆163316

出　　处：《玉米科学》2024年第8期114-119,共6页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省农业科技创新工程项目(2020YYYF041,CX23GG09)。

摘　　要：为促进北方地区玉米秸秆在田间的分解进程,分离筛选低温下高效秸秆纤维素降解菌并研究其产酶特性。在18℃条件下,采用赫奇逊培养基和平板稀释法,结合刚果红染色对秸秆纤维素降解菌进行初筛,根据滤纸条降解能力、酶活性分析及秸秆降解率进行复筛,确定目的菌株,通过形态学观察与18S rDNA基因序列分析对目的菌株进行初步鉴定。结果表明,从低温生境土壤中分离到1株在低温下具有较强纤维素降解能力的真菌Z11,15 d内对秸秆的降解能力达56.3%,滤纸酶活和CMC酶活分别为18.9 U/mL和54.8 U/mL,初步鉴定菌株Z11为两形头曲霉(Aspergillus janus)。For hastening the process of maize stalk decomposition in northern areas,the research has been con⁃ducted on isolation and screening of high-efficiency,low-temperature straw cellulose degrading fungi,and study on enzyme production characteristics.In this study,under the condition of 18℃,Hutchison medium and plate dilution method were used for primary screening of straw cellulose degrading fungi,combined with Congo red staining.Ac⁃cording to the degradation of filter paper,enzyme activity analysis and straw degradation rate,the target strain was determined and preliminarily identified through morphological observation and its gene sequence analysis.The re⁃sults showed that a fungus strain Z11 with strong cellulose degradation ability at low temperature was isolated from the soil of low temperature habitat,and its straw degradation ability was 56.3%within 15 days.The enzyme activi⁃ties of filter paper and CMC were 18.9 U/mL and 54.8 U/mL,respectively.The strain Z11 was preliminarily identi⁃fied as Aspergillus janus.

关 键 词：玉米 低温 筛选 纤维素降解真菌 

分 类 号：S435.131[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]