高精料日粮中添加维生素B_(1)和丙酸钙对牦牛生长性能、瘤胃发酵和血清激素水平的影响  

The effects of adding vitamin B_(1)and calcium propionate to the high-concentrate diet on the growth performance,rumen fermentation,and serum hormone levels of yaks

作　　者：陈璟 王英措 CHEN Jing;WANG Yingcuo(Department of Animal Medicine,Qinghai Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Vocational College,Xining,Qinghai province 812100,China;Datong Hui Tu autonomous county treasure house township animal husbandry and veterinary station,Xining,Qinghai province 810100,China)

机构地区：[1]青海农牧科技职业学院,青海西宁812100 [2]大通回族土族自治县宝库乡畜牧兽医站,青海西宁810100

出　　处：《中国饲料》2024年第20期6-9,共4页China Feed

摘　　要：文章旨在探究高精料日粮中添加维生素B_(1)和丙酸钙对牦牛生长性能、瘤胃发酵和血清激素水平的影响。试验将120头(189.46±13.31)kg健康的公牦牛随机分为6组,每组5个重复,每个重复4头牛。基础日粮精粗比为65∶35,试验1~6组分别在基础日粮基础上组合添加50、150和300 mg/kg维生素B_(1)和2%、4%的丙酸钙。试验为期52 d,包括7 d预饲期和45 d正试期。结果表明:与试验组1相比,试验组5和6牦牛的平均日增重(ADG)分别显著提高3.37%和2.94%(P<0.05);平均日采食量(ADFI)分别显著提高2.46%和2.15%(P<0.05);此外,各试验组牦牛末重和料重比均无显著差异(P>0.05)。试验组5和6的牦牛瘤胃pH显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);试验组5和6的微生物蛋白质(MCP)含量较其他各组显著提高(P<0.05);总挥发性脂肪酸(T-VFA)和丙酸含量显著降低(P<0.05);不同维生素B_(1)和丙酸钙梯度组合对牦牛瘤胃NH_(3)-N、乙酸、异丁酸、丁酸、异戊酸、戊酸含量均无显著影响(P>0.05)。试验组4、5和6牦牛血清胰岛素样生长因子(IGF-1)含量显著高于其他各组(P<0.05);试验组5和6组牦牛血清胰岛素(INS)含量较其他各组显著提高(P<0.05);试验组4、5和6牦牛血清生长激素(GH)含量较其他各组显著提高(P<0.05);不同维生素B_(1)和丙酸钙梯度组合对牦牛血清皮质醇(Cort)和胰高血糖素(GN)含量均无显著影响(P>0.05)。结论:150或300 mg/kg的维生素B_(1)及4%的丙酸钙组合对高精料牦牛的饲喂效果最佳。The aim of this experiment is to investigate the effects of adding vitamin B_(1)and calcium propionate to the highconcentrate diet on the growth performance,rumen fermentation,and serum hormone levels of yaks.A total of 120 healthy male yaks(189.46±13.31 kg)were randomly divide into 6 groups with 5 replicates per group and 4 yaks per replicate.The basic feed has a concentrate to coarse ratio of 65∶35.On this basis,50,150,and 300 mg/kg of vitamin B_(1)and 2%and 4%calcium propionate were added in gradients as feed for experimental groups 1-6.The experiment lasted for a total of 52 days,including a 7-day pre test and a 45 day trial.The results showed that compared with experimental group 1,the ADG of yaks in experimental groups 5 and 6 significantly increased by 3.37%and 2.94%,respectively(P<0.05);ADFI significantly increased by 2.46%and 2.15%,respectively(P<0.05);In addition,there was no significant difference in the final weight and feed weight ratio of yaks among the experimental groups(P>0.05).The rumen pH of yaks in experimental groups 5 and 6 was significantly higher than other groups(P<0.05);The MCP content in experimental groups 5 and 6 was significantly increased compared to other groups(P<0.05);The content of T-VFA and propionic acid significantly decreased(P<0.05);Different combinations of vitamin B_(1)and calcium propionate gradients had no significant effect on the content of NH_(3)-N,acetic acid,isobutyric acid,butyric acid,isovaleric acid,and valeric acid in the rumen of yaks(P>0.05).The serum IGF-1 levels of yaks in experimental groups 4,5,and 6 were significantly higher than those in other groups(P<0.05);The serum INS content of yaks in experimental groups 5 and 6 was significantly increased compared to other groups(P<0.05);The serum GH levels of yaks in experimental groups 4,5,and 6 were significantly increased compared to other groups(P<0.05);The combination of different vitamin B_(1)and calcium propionate gradients had no significant effect on the serum Cort and GN content of yaks(P>0.05).Conc

关 键 词：牦牛 维生素B_(1) 丙酸钙 生长性能 瘤胃发酵参数 激素 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]