以茶为媒:宗藩关系下中越和平交往研究(1644-1885)  

Study on the Tea as a Medium for Peaceful Exchanges Between China and Vietnam Under the Suzerain-Vassal Relationship(1644-1885)

作　　者：徐家贵 Xu Jiagui

机构地区：[1]广西社会科学院历史研究所

出　　处：《农业考古》2024年第5期84-92,共9页Agricultural Archaeology

摘　　要：清朝建立后,以朝贡为载体的中越宗藩关系历时200余年。期间,越南遣使如清,附贡方物,与之相应的是清朝予以封赏,赏赐茶叶等礼品,并不定期遣使越南。朝贡过程中越南与清朝之间贡品与赏赐品的交换,不仅涉及茶叶等礼品的赐予、接受,而且还涉及礼物流动过程中的回报,包括介入其中互相承担的接待、筵宴、政治承认等义务。这样,双方在政治上的宗藩关系得到确认,产生了政治溢出效应,扩展到经济领域,为中越经济贸易提供了稳定的政治环境。在清代中越宗藩关系中,茶叶已从单纯的物品中超脱出来,由茶之“物”转化为茶之“礼”,成为国家间往来的礼品,具有消解对抗和冲突的聚合作用,使国家利益的最大化得以通过和平的手段获取,促进了清代中越之间的和平交往,茶叶因之成为探究宗藩关系下中越和平交往的一个重要视角。After the establishment of the Qing Dynasty,the suzerain-vassal relationship between China and Vietnam based on tribute lasted for more than 200 years.During this period,Vietnam sent envoys to the Qing government with tribute and gifts.Correspondingly,the Qing granted rewards,tea and other gifts,and sent envoys to Vietnam from time to time.During the tribute process,the exchange of tributes and rewards between Vietnam and the Qing included the giving and receiving of gifts such as tea,and the rewards during the flow of gifts,including mutual obligations such as reception,banquets,political recognition and other obligations.In this way,the political suzerain-vassal relationship between the two sides was confirmed,which produced political spillover effects and expanded to the economic field,providing a stable political environment for Sino-Vietnamese economy and trade.In the Sino-Vietnamese suzerain-vassal relationship in the Qing Dynasty,tea had been transcended from being a simple item,transformed from a"thing"of tea into a"etiquette"of tea,and became a gift between countries,which had the aggregation effect of eliminating confrontation and conflict,so that the maximization of national interests was achieved through peaceful means,promoting the peaceful exchanges between China and Vietnam during the Qing Dynasty.Therefore,tea became an important perspective to explore the peaceful exchanges between China and Vietnam under the suzerain-vassal relationship.

关 键 词：清代 越南 宗藩关系 茶叶 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学]