微咸水灌溉下地形对压砂地土壤水盐空间变异的影响  

Spatial Variability of Water and Salt in Slope and Flat Land under Brackish Water Irrigation in Gravel-sand Mulched Field

作　　者：尚倩 沙虎 谭军利[1,2] 马腾 王西娜[3] SHANG Qian;SHA Hu;TAN Jun-li;MA Teng;WANG Xi-na(College of Civil Engineering and Water Conservancy,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Efficient Utilization of Modern Agricultural Water Resources in Dry Areas,Yinchuan 750021,China;School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]旱区现代农业水资源高效利用教育部工程研究中心,宁夏银川750021 [3]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《土壤通报》2024年第5期1239-1247,共9页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52369010);宁夏自然科学基金项目(2022AAC02013,2020AAC03090);宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(水利工程)项目(NXYLXK2021A03)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究微咸水灌溉条件下地形对压砂地土壤水盐分布影响特征,为西北旱区压砂地微咸水灌溉水盐调控提供理论依据。【方法】以宁夏中卫香山乡红圈子村为调查区,选取微咸水滴灌种植西瓜压砂地,在滴灌结束8个月后采用大田网格取样法在平地和坡地上采集0~40 cm深土壤样品,测定土壤含水率和电导率,使用经典统计学和地统计学方法研究分析压砂平地和坡地土壤含水率和电导率的空间变异特点。【结果】压砂平地20~30 cm土层土壤质量含水率块基比为39%,具有中等相关性,其余土层无论是坡地还是平地其块基比均小于25%,表明压砂地土壤含水率具有较强的空间相关性。坡地0~40 cm土层土壤含水率分别为11.2%、14.33%、17.95%和19.02%,含水率随土层深度的增加而增大,半方差函数最优模型为球状或高斯模型,而平地除10~20 cm土层为球状模型外其余皆为指数模型。压砂坡地与平地土壤电导率均随土壤深度的增加而增大,0~30 cm土层土壤电导率小于平地,而30~40 cm土层高于平地,且其变异系数也大于平地。坡地土壤电导率半方差函数模型为高斯和球状模型,而平地除20~30 cm土层为指数模型外其余皆为球状模型。从土壤含水率及电导率等值线图来看,坡地坡顶位置土壤含水率低而电导率高,而坡底位置土壤含水率高电导率低。【结论】微咸水灌溉下压砂地地形改变了土壤水盐的空间分布规律。[Objective]The aims were to investigate the effects of brackish water irrigated flat and sloping land on soil water and salt distribution characteristics and spatial variability in gravel-sand mulched field,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable utilization of brackish water in the dry zone of Northwest China.[Methods]Taking Red Circle Village,Xiangshan Township,Zhongwei,Ningxia as the investigation area,the watermelon gravel-sand mulched field planted with brackish water drip irrigation was selected,soil samples were collected from 0~40 cm depth on the flat and sloping land by using the grid sampling method in the field after the end of the 8-month drip irrigation.The soil water content and conductivity were determined,and the spatial variability of the water content and conductivity of the soil were analyzed on the sand-suppressed flat and sloping land by using the methods of classical and geostatistics.[Results]The soil water content in 20~30 cm layer of flat land had a block-base ratio of 39%greater than 25%.The block-base ratio of the rest of the soil layers was less than 25%,indicating that the soil water content of the pressurized sand had a strong spatial correlation.The water contents in the soil layer of 0~40 cm in the slope land were 11.2%,14.33%,17.95%,and 19.02%,respectively,with an increase with the depth of soil layer.The optimal model of the semi-variance function of soil water content in slope land was the spherical or Gaussian model,while the rests were the exponential model except for the 10~20 cm soil layer.The water contents of soil on slope land were 11.2%,14.33%,17.95%and 19.02%in the 0~40 cm layer,respectively,increasing with the depth of the soil layer.The theoretical optimal model for the semi-variance function of soil water content on slope land were the spherical model or Gaussian model,whereas on the flat land,except for the spherical model in the 10~20cm layer,the rest of the models were the exponential models.The soil conductivity was enhance with the increase o

关 键 词：压砂地 地形 土壤盐分 土壤水分 空间变异 

分 类 号：S278[农业科学—农业水土工程]