广东省耕地土壤全氮含量变化趋势及影响因素分析  

Analysis on the Changing Trends and Influencing Factors of Total Nitrogen Contents in Cultivated Soils in Guangdong Province

作　　者：邓婷 林碧珊 曾招兵 戴文举 张木 李苹 DENG Ting;LIN Bi-shan;ZENG Zhao-bing;DAI Wen-ju;ZHANG Mu;LI Ping(Guangdong Agricultural Environment and Cultivated Land Quality Protection Center,Guangzhou 510500,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Guangdong academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业环境与耕地质量保护中心,广东广州510500 [2]广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,广东广州510640

出　　处：《土壤通报》2024年第5期1258-1263,共6页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：2023年广东省乡村振兴战略专项资金项目(0835-230Z52803182)资助。

摘　　要：【目的】为了解和掌握20世纪80年代以来广东省耕地全氮含量的演变特征。【方法】利用广东省1984以来的耕地质量长期定位监测数据,对全省37年来的耕地土壤全氮含量变化趋势进行分析。【结果】1984年以来,全省耕地土壤全氮含量总体呈现增加趋势,由中国国民经济和社会发展第七个五年计划(以下简称“七五”,1986~1990年,下同)前期的1.42 g kg^(−1)增加至“十三五”(2016~2020年)期间的1.64 g kg^(−1),增加幅度为15.5%,土壤全氮提高一个等级水平。全省土壤全氮主要分布在2级和3级频数,2级和3级频数总体上呈现缓慢下降趋势,由“七五”前的74.0%下降至“十三五”时期的59.5%,1级频数总体呈现上升趋势,4级和5级频数变化不大。全省粤东、粤西、粤北、珠三角地区耕地土壤全氮含量总体上呈现增加趋势,各区域耕地土壤全氮含量差异不大,粤东地区略小于其他地区。【结论】施肥和氮肥投入量增加以及高标准农田建设等田间管理措施、种植结构调整是导致广东省耕地土壤全氮含量增加的重要影响因素。[Objective]The aim was to understand and master the evolution characteristics of total nitrogen(N)content in cultivated land in Guangdong Province since the 1980s.[Method]The long-term monitoring data of cultivated land quality in Guangdong Province since 1984 were used to analyze the changing trends of total N in cultivated soils over the past 37 years.[Result]The results showed that the total N contents of cultivated soils in the province has shown an overall increasing trend since 1984,increasing from 1.42 g kg^(−1) in the early stage of China's Seventh Five Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development(hereinafter referred to as"The 7th Five Year Plan",1986~1990)to 1.64 g kg^(−1) during"The 13th Five Year Plan"(2016~2020),with an increase of 15.5%.The total N has been raised by one level,mainly distributed in the 2nd and 3rd frequency levels.The 2nd and 3rd frequency levels showed a slow downward trend overall,from 74.0%before"The 7th Five Year Plan"to 59.5%during"The 13th Five Year Plan".The 1st frequency level showed an overall upward trend,while the 4th and 5th frequency levels showed little change.The soil total N contents of cultivated land in the eastern,western,northern and Pearl River Delta regions of the province showed an overall increasing trend,with little difference in soil total N contents among different regions.[Conclusion]The increase in fertilization and nitrogen fertilizer input,as well as field management measures such as high standard farmland construction,and adjustment of planting structure,are important factors that have led to an increase in total N content in arable soil throughout the Guangdong Province.

关 键 词：耕地 土壤全氮 变化趋势 影响因素 广东 

分 类 号：S153.4[农业科学—土壤学]