不同类型畜禽粪肥对苹果园土壤活性有机碳组分的影响  

Effects of Different Types of Livestock and Poultry Manure on Soil Labile Organic Carbon Components in Apple Orchard

作　　者：张毅 李燕青[1] 李艳峰[2] 李壮[1] 刘颖 程存刚[1] ZHANG Yi;LI Yan-qing;LI Yan-feng;LI Zhuang;LIU Ying;CHENG Cun-gang(Research Institute of Pomolog,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xingcheng 125100,China;Vegetable Research Institute of Xizang Autonomous Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa 850032,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院果树研究所生理栽培实验室,辽宁省兴城125100 [2]西藏自治区农牧科学院蔬菜研究所,西藏拉萨850032

出　　处：《土壤通报》2024年第5期1320-1327,共8页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP);西藏本土特色园艺作物种质资源创新及新品种选育(XZ202201ZY0006N)项目资助。

摘　　要：【目的】研究长期施用不同类型畜禽粪肥对苹果园土壤活性有机碳不同组分和碳库管理指数的影响,为推动苹果园科学施肥提供理论依据。【方法】以不施肥(CK)为对照,根据各种肥料的推荐施用量,设置了化肥(CF)、牛粪(CM)、鸡粪(CHM)、猪粪(PM)、羊粪(SM)六个处理(2017年秋季始),每一处理根据施肥方式又划分为施肥区和非施肥区采集土壤样本,分别测定了果园土壤施肥区与非施肥区的总有机碳(TOC)、活性有机碳组分及碳库管理指数。【结果】施肥区,四种畜禽粪肥处理总有机碳含量都明显提高,牛粪和羊粪处理活性有机碳含量分别提高了112.96%和60.82%。牛粪处理高活性、中活性和低活性有机碳含量分别为1.66、1.27和1.73 g kg^(−1),均为最高。牛粪、羊粪、鸡粪和猪粪处理的碳库管理指数依次降低分别为203.53、152.54、125.47和113.00。在非施肥区,与CK相比,鸡粪和猪粪处理的活性有机碳含量分别降低了45.1%和43.85%,碳库管理指数分别下降了54.37%和52.49%。同一施肥处理下,施肥区总有机碳含量、活性有机碳各组分、碳库管理指数明显高于非施肥区。其中牛粪处理效果最好,施肥区和非施肥区的活性有机碳含量分别为4.65和2.56 g kg^(−1),碳库管理指数分别为203.53和111.38。【结论】四种畜禽粪肥效果均优于化肥,牛粪处理效果最好,牛粪和羊粪处理的效果优于猪粪和鸡粪处理。施入畜禽粪肥提升了果园施肥区土壤有机碳的质量,并没有提升非施肥区有机碳质量。[Objective]The aims were to study the effects of long-term application of different types of livestock manure on total organic carbon(C),different components of labile organic C and C pool management index in apple orchard soil,and to provide theoretical basis for promoting scientific fertilization and fertilizer utilization of livestock and poultry manure in apple orchard.[Methods]Based on the long-term positioning fertilization experiment(started in 2017),six treatments were selected:no fertilization(CK),chemical fertilizer(CF),cow manure(CM),chicken manure(CHM),pig manure(PM)and sheep manure(SM).The total organic C and labile organic C components in fertilized and non-fertilized areas of orchard soil were determined,and the proportion of each component and the C pool management index were analyzed.[Results]In the fertilization area,the total organic C contents of four kinds of livestock manure treatments were significantly increased,and the labile organic C content of cow manure and sheep manure treatments were increased by 112.96%and 60.82%.The contents of high,medium and low labile organic C in cow manure treatment were 1.66 g kg^(−1),1.27 g kg^(−1)and 1.73 g kg^(−1),respectively.The C pool management index of cow manure,chicken manure,pig manure and sheep manure were 203.53,125.47,113.00 and 152.54,respectively.In the non-fertilized area,compared with CK,the labile organic C contents of chicken manure and pig manure treatments decreased by 45.1%and 43.85%,and the C pool management index decreased by 54.37%and 52.49%.Under the same livestock and poultry manure treatment,the total organic C content,labile organic C component content and C pool management index in the fertilized area were significantly higher than those in the non-fertilized area.The contents of labile organic C in fertilized and non-fertilized areas under CM treatment were 4.65 g kg1 and 2.56 g kg^(−1).The C pool management indices of CM treated fertilized and non-fertilized areas were 203.53 and 111.38.[Conclusion]The application of

关 键 词：果园土壤 畜禽粪肥 活性有机碳 碳库管理指数 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]