公意机制:国家治理中“中间层”的新实践形式  

The Mechanism of Public Will:A New Practice Form of the Middle Layer in National Governance

作　　者：侣传振 LV Chuan-zhen(Department of Sociology and Culture,Party School of Zhejiang Provincial Committee of C.P.C,Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121,China)

机构地区：[1]中共浙江省委党校社会学文化学教研部,浙江杭州311121

出　　处：《内蒙古社会科学》2024年第5期75-83,共9页Inner Mongolia Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“农村协商民主的代表机制构建研究”(编号:21BZZ033)。

摘　　要：在中国,国家在乡村社会的治理通常需要一个“中间层”,纵向联结农民,横向组织社会。这个“中间层”存在多种实践形式,除了常见的代理机制外,成都市公共服务资金制度的运行过程展示出一种新形式,即公意机制。公意机制是在国家资源下乡的背景下,农民通过议事协商等方式形成的公共意志及其运行过程,是国家外部建构与村庄内部生长联动的产物。与代理机制的精英化路线不同,公意机制运用国家的资源输入直接动员农民,将分散的农民个体转变为组织化的行动集体,走的是群众化路线。公意本身就是一种公共性力量,能够释放出强大的治理效能,能够弥补代理机制本身附带的代理失效问题,为理解新时代国家与社会的关系提供了新思路。In China,the governance of rural society by the state usually requires a middle layer that vertically connects farmers and horizontally organizes society.The middle layer has various practical forms,and in addition to the common agency mechanism,the operation process of Chengdu's public service funding system has demonstrated a new form,namely the public will mechanism.The public will mechanism is the public will and its operational process formed by farmers through discussions and negotiations under the background of national resources going to the countryside.It is a product of the external construction of the state promoting the internal growth of villages.Unlike the elitist approach of the agency mechanism,the public will mechanism is a mass approach that utilizes national resources to directly mobilize farmers and transform dispersed individual farmers into organized collective actions.The public will itself is a public power that can unleash strong governance effectiveness and compensate for the agency failure issues inherent in the agency mechanism.The public will mechanism also provides new ideas for understanding the relationship between the state and society in the new era.

关 键 词：国家治理 “中间层” 代理机制 公意机制 

分 类 号：D422.6[政治法律—政治学] F320[政治法律—国际共产主义运动]