黄河流域内蒙古段气象干旱与水文干旱变化对植被NDVI的影响  

Effect of Meteorological and Hydrological Drought Changes on Vegetation NDVI in Inner Mongolia Section of Yellow River Basin

作　　者：鲁佳琪 孟凡浩 罗敏 陈红光 LU Jiaqi;MENG Fanhao;LUO Min;CHEN Hongguang(College of Geographical Science,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China;Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot 010022,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010022 [2]内蒙古自治区遥感与地理信息系统重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《人民珠江》2024年第10期51-64,共14页Pearl River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42261079);内蒙古自然科学基金重点项目(2023ZD21);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2023GG0367);内蒙古自治区高等学校青年科技英才项目(NJYT22027、NJYT23019);内蒙古师范大学基本科研业务费项(2022JBBJ014、2022JBQN093);内蒙古师范大学研究生科研创新基金资助项目(CXJJS22127)。

摘　　要：全球气候变暖及人类活动的影响下,黄河流域内蒙古段干旱事件增加,强度加重,干旱又通过水文循环影响区域植被生长,从而破坏生态平衡。基于标准化降水蒸散发指数(SPEI)数据集、陆地储水量数据以及归一化植被指数(NDVI)数据,采用slope趋势性分析、Pearson相关系数等方法,分析黄河流域内蒙古段2003—2019年气象干旱(SPEI)、水文干旱(SWSI)时空变化,并探究其对植被NDVI的影响。结果表明:研究区气象干旱呈下降趋势(0.0123/a),而水文干旱呈上升趋势(0.02/a),均在研究区巴彦淖尔市地区呈现持续时间长,干旱强度高的特点;植被NDVI整体呈显著增长趋势(0.0029/a),仅在巴彦淖尔市和呼和浩特市部分地区出现植被明显退化的现象;SPEI与NDVI呈显著正相关的面积占比为22.65%,SWSI与NDVI呈显著正相关的面积占比为43.63%,SPEI、SWSI与NDVI呈显著负相关地区主要在巴彦淖尔市西部;干旱对植被的影响具有滞后性,气象干旱和水文干旱分别集中在1、10月和1月,大部分地区的植被短期内受水文干旱的影响较大。Under the influence of global warming and human activities,drought events in the Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River Basin have increased in number and intensity,affecting the regional vegetation growth through the hydrological cycle and destroying ecological balance.Based on the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index(SPEI)dataset,terrestrial water storage data,and normalized vegetation index(NDVI)data,this paper analyzes the spatial and temporal changes of meteorological droughts(SPEI)and hydrological droughts(SWSI)in the Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River Basin during 2003—2019 and investigates their impacts on vegetation growth.The results indicate that the meteorological drought in the study area shows a decreasing trend(0.0123/a),while the hydrological drought shows an increasing trend(0.02/a),both of which feature long duration and a high drought intensity in the study area of Bayannur city;the vegetation NDVI as a whole show a significant increasing trend(0.0029/a),and obvious vegetation degradation appeared in some parts of Bayannur city and Hohhot city only.SPEI and NDVI are significantly positively correlated in 22.65%of the area;SWSI and NDVI are significantly positively correlated in 43.63%of the area;SPEI,SWSI,and NDVI are significantly negatively correlated mainly in the western part of Bayannur City.The effect of drought on vegetation is hysteretic;meteorological drought and hydrological drought are concentrated in January,October,and January,respectively,and the vegetation in most areas is affected more by hydrological drought in the short term.

关 键 词：气象干旱 水文干旱 NDVI 时滞影响 黄河流域内蒙古段 

分 类 号：TV21[水利工程—水文学及水资源] P426.616[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]