中国传统治道对现代国家治理概念的补正及启示  

Enlightening and Perfecting the Concept of Modern State Governance Performed by Traditional Chinese Way of Governing

作　　者：李胜男 方军 LI Shengnan;FANG Jun

机构地区：[1]淮北师范大学计算机科学与技术学院,安徽淮北235000 [2]安徽财经大学文学院,安徽蚌埠233030

出　　处：《深圳社会科学》2024年第6期148-156,共9页Social Sciences in Shenzhen

基　　金：安徽省高校人文社会科学重点项目“安徽省农民参与乡村治理的制度建构精细化研究”(SK2021A0245)。

摘　　要：“治道”是中国传统思想特有概念。传统“治道”概念包括“道统”和“治统”两个层面含义,且“道统”引领并指导“治统”,均承载着丰富的超大规模国家治国理政经验,蕴含着中国悠久的政治文化-心理基因。其特有的价值理性色彩、人文文教思维、本体-本源追求,以及整体性目标关切,均能对当下西方舶来的“治理”概念起到很好的充实和补缺作用。中国“治道”对“治理”概念的丰富和完善,主要体现在六个方面。一是天人合一之天道皈依,这是中国“治道”的基本依据和总体旨归,唯有遵循普遍规律的主观治理行动才具有正当性。二是天民合一之民意导向,这为传统“治道”确立了合理化目标,指出了理想化人本价值方向。三是礼乐教化之人文关怀,这是中国“治道”的基本价值底色,儒家“治道”是中国传统政教文明的主流。四是整体和谐之生生相映,中国传统“治道”思想是在整体和谐大背景下来思考治国理政系列问题的,使得古代治理活动总能在天道-人道、人文-物性互嵌互释中自洽运行。五是士君子人格之弘毅担当,中国古代“治道”历史有着独特的“士大夫政治”文化传统,士大夫既是政治-行政事务的承担者,也是人文教化事业的设计者。六是天下为公之大同秩序,这是中国“治道”的终极价值追求和理想目标,建立天下大同的社会与心灵秩序,一直是历代政治家和思想家的不懈追求。The way of governing is an inherent notion in traditional Chinese thought,including two senses:Confucian orthodoxy and governance orthodoxy.With the former leading and guiding the latter,both carry very rich experience in governing a super-large-scale country and in attending to state affairs,and contain time-honored Chinese political cultural-psychological gene.With its value rationality hue,humanistic and cultural education thinking,noumenon-origin pursuit,and the holistic goal concern,Chinese way of governing plays a favourable role in enriching and complementing the concept of governance imported from the West.This is mainly reflected in six aspects.First,harmony of man with nature by converting to Way of Heaven:the basic grounds for Chinese way of governing and its overall purpose.Only by following the universal law of Heaven can the subjective governance actions be justified.Second,harmony of the masses with nature realized through guiding popular feeling and will.This sets up the rationalized goal for the traditional way of governing,and shows clearly the way forward for idealized humanistic value.Third,humanistic care embodied in the educational role of propriety and music:the basic value underpainting of Chinese way of governing.Confucian way of governing has long been the mainstream of traditional Chinese civilization of political education.Fourth,the overall harmony of the state reflected in lives shining on each other.It is in this general context that issues of governing a country and attending to state affairs are considered,and thereafter the ancient governance activities run consistent in mutual embededness and mutual interpretation of two cycles:Heaven-Man,Humanity-Thing.Fifth,the moral integrity of scholarofficials represented by breadth of mind and vigorous endurance.The unique cultural tradition of scholarofficial politics makes scholar-officials shoulder responsibilities for attending to political-administrative affairs,and for designing humanistic education causes.Sixth,Great Harmony in a wo

关 键 词：“第二个结合” 中国传统治道 国家治理 工具理性 价值理性 政治文化 

分 类 号：D092.2[政治法律—政治学]