仿生微凹坑表面叶片对离心泵空化性能的影响  

Effect of Bionic Blade with Micro-pitted Surface on the Cavitation Properties of Centrifugal Pump

作　　者：林煦程 胡亚辉 李沁阳 王雨霖 陈坚 LIN Xucheng;HU Yahui;LI Qinyang;WANG Yulin;CHEN Jian(Maritime College,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384;Tianjin Key Laboratory of the Design and Intelligent Control of the Advanced Mechatronical System,Tianjin 300384)

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学海运学院,天津300384 [2]天津市先进机电系统设计与智能控制重点实验室,天津300384

出　　处：《液压与气动》2024年第10期143-149,共7页Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics

基　　金：天津市自然科学基金(23JCYBJC00620);天津理工大学2023校级研究生科研创新实践项目(YJ2388)。

摘　　要：空化现象是影响离心泵性能的关键因素,为研究仿生微结构对离心泵空化性能的影响,以比转速为112.4的离心泵为研究对象,基于海滑虫的仿生气包微纹理表面,提出一种类蘑菇状凹坑微结构叶片。利用CFD仿真软件对模型进行非定常空化数值模拟,研究微结构不同凹坑深度比对离心泵空化性能的影响。结果表明:仿生微结构对离心泵水力性能影响较小,扬程变化为-1.42%~1.38%;不同深度比对离心泵空化性能影响较大,当深度比为2.5时,抑制空化效果最佳,在空化初生阶段空泡体积减少54.75%,断裂扬程提高17.07 m;在吸力面进口1/3处布置仿生类蘑菇状凹坑后,减少了叶轮进口处低压区分布,减小了流道内空泡横截面积,抑制流道内空化的初生和发展。Cavitation phenomenon is a key factor affecting the performance of centrifugal pump,in order to study the effect of bionic microstructure on the cavitation performance of centrifugal pump.Taking the centrifugal pumps with a specific rotational speed of 112.4 as the research object,a class of mushroom-like pit microstructure blade is proposed based on the gas-entrapping microtextured surfaces of sea skaters.Numerical simulations of non-stationary cavitation is carried out on the model using CFD simulation software to study the effect of different pit depth ratios of the microstructure on the cavitation properties of centrifugal pump.The finding indicate that the bionic microstructure exerts a negligible influence on the hydraulic performance of centrifugal pump,with a marginal change of head:-1.42%~1.38%.Different depth ratios have a greater effect on the cavitation properties of centrifugal pump,when the depth ratio is 2.5,the best effect of inhibiting cavitation,the volume of vacuole in the incipient stage of cavitation is reduced by 54.75%,and the fracture head is increased by 17.07 m.The arrangement of bionic mushroom-like pits in front of the suction front at the first 1/3,reduces the distribution of low-pressure zone at the impeller inlet,reduces the cross-sectional area of the vacuole in the flow channel,and inhibits the incipient and development.

关 键 词：离心泵 空化性能 仿生叶片 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH311