环境友好淋洗材料研选及对棕壤Cd污染修复作用  

Selection of Environmentally Friendly Leaching Materials and Their Remediation Effects on Cd Pollution in Brown Soil

作　　者：李英华[1] 吴纪国 刘司南 钱杰 LI Ying-hua;WU Ji-guo;LIU Si-nan;QIAN Jie(School of Resources&Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China.)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《东北大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第7期1047-1056,共10页Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science)

基　　金：沈阳市科技计划项目(23-407-3-03).

摘　　要：生物表面活性剂具有两亲性,常用于土壤重金属淋洗.为进一步提升其对土壤Cd的去除率,将生物表面活性剂分别与乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸(EDTMPA)、聚酰胺酸(PAA)及柠檬酸(CA)联用,采用水平实验法探究单独及复配材料对Cd污染土壤的淋洗特征,用响应面法进行参数优化;对比复合淋洗Cd与单一淋洗、不同复合材料、淋洗顺序对土壤Cd去除作用.结果表明,表面活性剂单独淋洗Cd去除率<16.69%.EDTMPA与皂素混合淋洗对Cd去除率提升显著,比皂素单独淋洗提升49.28%.参数优化结果表明,对淋洗效果影响显著顺序为:淋洗时间>复配比>温度>pH,两两因素存在交互作用.EDTMPA与皂素混合淋洗最佳参数条件为:复配比1.3∶1,pH 7,温度22 oC,淋洗时间240 min,此时Cd去除率为65.16%.Biosurfactants have oil and water amphiphilic properties and commonly used for leaching heavy metals in soil.In order to further improve the removal rate of Cd in soil,ethylenediamine tetramethyl phosphonic acid(EDTMPA),polyamide acid(PAA)and citric acid(CA)were respectively combined with biosurfactants.The leaching characteristics of single leaching agent and composite materials on Cd contaminated soil were investigated by a horizontal experiment method,and the leaching parameters were optimized by response surface methodology.The leaching efficiency and the removal effect of soil Cd pollution between composite leaching and single leaching,different composite materials and leaching sequence were compared.The results showed that the removal rate of Cd by bio-surfactant was<16.69%.The removal rate of heavy metals by EDTMPA and saponin mixed leaching was significantly improved,and the removal rate of Cd was 49.28%higher than that by saponin alone.The optimization results of response surface model showed that the leaching time,mixing ratio,and temperature have a significant impact on the leaching effect,with the order of influence being leaching time>mixing ratio>temperature>pH,and there is interaction between the two factors.The optimum parameters of EDTMPA and saponin mixed leaching are:complex ratio 1.3∶1,pH of 7,temperature of 22℃,and leaching time of 240 min.Under these conditions,the removal rate of Cd is 65.16%.

关 键 词：土壤淋洗 镉 响应面 复合淋洗 影响因素 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]