某转膛自动机药筒提前出膛故障的力学机理  

Mechanical Mechanism Analysis on Failure About the Cartridge Leaving Bore Ahead of the Revolver Cannon

作　　者：梁林 彭松江 李洪果 张肇辉 LIANG Lin;PENG Songjiang;LI Hongguo;ZHANG Zhaohui(The 713 Research Institute of CSSC,Zhengzhou 450015,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶集团第七一三研究所,河南郑州450015

出　　处：《火炮发射与控制学报》2024年第5期43-47,55,共6页Journal of Gun Launch & Control

摘　　要：为揭示某转膛自动机抽壳前药筒提前出膛的故障原因,在分析故障现象基础上,利用流体力学模型计算了转膛体转动过程膛内压力变化规律。在此压力场中采用弹塑性有限元方法数值模拟了药筒贴膛及动态抽壳过程并获取抽壳阻力、抽壳速度等力学表征量,对抽壳过程药筒与炮膛的应力应变行为进行了深入研究,综合分析了抽壳前药筒提前出膛故障产生的力学机理。计算及分析结果表明:射击后转膛体转动过程中燃气排放通道逐渐减小并关闭,转到抽壳位时药室内仍残存较高压力的火药气体,该压力作用于药筒产生的轴向分力远大于抽壳阻力是造成药筒提前出膛故障的主要原因,在转膛自动机设计时应充分考虑转膛体转动过程中残余火药气体的排空问题。To uncover the cause of the cartridge prematurely leaving the bore of a revolver cannon,we employed a hydrodynamics model to analyze the variation of pressure inside the breech during the rotation of the breechblock.Additionally,we introduced numerical simulations of the shell extraction process based on an elastic-plastic finite element method to analyze the relevant shell extraction resis-tance,extraction speed,and stress-strain behaviors of the cartridge.The simulation and theoretical analysis results reveal that even after the drum body turns and the gunpowder gas discharge channel is completely closed,there still remains a high-pressure powder gas inside the chamber.This pressure acting on the cartridge produces an axial force far greater than the shell extraction resistance,which is the primary cause of the premature ejection of the cartridge.Engineers should thoroughly consider the evacuation of residual gunpowder gas during the rotation of the drum body when designing a revolver cannon.

关 键 词：转膛自动机 药筒 抽壳故障 抽壳阻力 力学机理 

分 类 号：TJ391[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]