光学瞬变源后随观测系统设计与应用  

Design and application of a follow-up observation system for optical transient sources

作　　者：张记成 王晓锋 曾祥云[4] 张天萌 莫军[3] ZHANG Jicheng;WANG Xiaofeng;ZENG Xiangyun;ZHANG Tianmeng;MO Jun(Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 102206,China;School of Physics and Astronomy,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Department of Physics,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Center for Astronomy and Space Sciences,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443000,China;Key Laboratory of Space Astronomy and Technology,National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;School of Astronomy and Space Science,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 101408,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学天文与天体物理前沿科学研究所,北京102206 [2]北京师范大学物理与天文学院,北京100875 [3]清华大学物理系,北京100084 [4]三峡大学天文与空间科学研究中心,湖北宜昌443000 [5]中国科学院国家天文台空间天文与技术重点实验室,北京100101 [6]中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院,北京101408

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2024年第10期131-140,共10页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(12203005)。

摘　　要：近年来,国内外陆续建设并投入运行了多台巡天光学观测设备,产生了海量观测数据,发现并证认了许多具有较高研究价值的瞬变源。因为瞬变源增多和望远镜观测资源有限,为提升清华大学-马化腾巡天望远镜后随观测响应能力,该文设计了新疆南山瞬变源后随观测系统(SNOVA)。该系统采用商业化配件,在统一的控制架构平台基础上,技术人员经系统选型与软硬件安装联调,实现了自动化观测运行。系统为瞬变源后随观测提供了高质量数据,有助于进一步了解天体目标的物理参数与演化性质,同时也为开展远程观测提供了一种有效途径。[Objective]In recent years,numerous survey optical observation instruments,including the Tsinghua University-Ma Huateng Survey Telescope,have been constructed and put into operation domestically and internationally.These telescopes have generated massive amounts of data through continuous observations,discovering numerous high-value transient sources.To address the increasing number of transient sources,limited domestic telescope observation resources,and enhance the follow-up observation response capability of the Tsinghua University-Ma Huateng Survey Telescope,the Nanshan Transient Source Follow-up Observation System in Xinjiang was designed and constructed.[Methods]The research team prioritized mature commercial products,considering equipment stability,cost-effectiveness,and ease of future upgrades within a limited budget.They tackled challenges related to the hardware of the supernova and optical variables automated follow-up observing system(SNOVA)dealing with mismatched dimensions of commercial off-the-shelf products and inadequate original load-bearing designs.Custom mechanical interfaces were created between subsystems during assembly and adjustment to resolve issues such as back focal distance matching of the telescope optical system and the filter system load-bearing capacity.Building on this hardware setup,they achieved coordinated control of each subsystem through a unified upper-level control software by debugging control software drivers and interface protocols.[Results]The SNOVA successfully implemented a closed-loop workflow for routine follow-up observations.Each night,the TMTS survey system processes data and cross-references it with databases to identify key targets for further observation.These targets are filtered based on the detection performance criteria,generating an observation system list with parameters such as target name,coordinates,filters,exposure time,and the number of repeats.This list is synchronized to the SNOVA main control machine via FTP.After an astronomical twilight,the en

关 键 词：瞬变源 后随观测 光学望远镜观测系统 自动化 系统集成 

分 类 号：P111.23[天文地球—天文学]